Recent comments in /f/askscience

DirtFoot79 t1_j1jpkqq wrote

You are right about the time dialation effect. But you should be aware of how great those effects are. To think the time dialation effect would impact GPS calculations by 10 km a day.

I'm going to copy info from https://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/pogge.1/Ast162/Unit5/gps.html#:~:text=As%20such%2C%20when%20viewed%20from,by%2045%20microseconds%20per%20day.

"Further, the satellites are in orbits high above the Earth, where the curvature of spacetime due to the Earth's mass is less than it is at the Earth's surface. A prediction of General Relativity is that clocks closer to a massive object will seem to tick more slowly than those located further away (see the Black Holes lecture). As such, when viewed from the surface of the Earth, the clocks on the satellites appear to be ticking faster than identical clocks on the ground. A calculation using General Relativity predicts that the clocks in each GPS satellite should get ahead of ground-based clocks by 45 microseconds per day.

The combination of these two relativitic effects means that the clocks on-board each satellite should tick faster than identical clocks on the ground by about 38 microseconds per day (45-7=38)! This sounds small, but the high-precision required of the GPS system requires nanosecond accuracy, and 38 microseconds is 38,000 nanoseconds. If these effects were not properly taken into account, a navigational fix based on the GPS constellation would be false after only 2 minutes, and errors in global positions would continue to accumulate at a rate of about 10 kilometers each day!"

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Malkiot t1_j1jpaui wrote

Imagine a normal graph with an X and Y axis. X is rate of movement through space and Y is rate of movement through time. The Vector (length of the arrow) of your movement through X-Y (space-time) has a constant length. So if you move at a greater rate through space, you must move at a lower rate through time to keep the arrow at the same length (Pythagoras).

At the speed of light the arrow is perfectly horizontal, with no movement through time and at a velocity of 0 you are maximally moving through time.

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whatissevenbysix t1_j1jopyn wrote

The whole point of relativity is that there is no such thing as "actual time". That's the big revolutionary idea. It says that time is, much like speed, relative. So, from the perspective of the fast traveler, their perspective of time elapsed is 80 earth years. But from the perception of the person on earth, it's 300 years. Neither is "actual time", they're both correct.

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mayonnace t1_j1jo8ei wrote

Does stretchedness of space also change depending on matter/energy/particles stuff, like time does? If so, then in which direction? If we have more particles accumulated in a point space-time, time seems to be streching up, how about space? Does it shrink? Bend? Enlarge? Do distances change? Or is it just that it takes more particles per volume unit, like its volume getting stretched up?

I guess I'm still thinking them separately, but if I can get the space perspective as I did with the time, perhaps I could try to blend them together easier.

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I__Know__Stuff t1_j1jo0or wrote

> my birth into existence and arrival on my final destination would be instantaneous. I'd get born, travel, and die at the same time.

This is correct. To an outside observer (us), it takes a photon about 8 minutes to travel from the sun to the earth. To the photon itself, it is instantaneous.

One of the ways that it was determined that certain neutrinos have mass is that there is a nonzero probability of them mutating while they travel between the sun and the earth. If they had zero mass, they would travel at the speed of light, and there would be no passage of time during which they could mutate.

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mayonnace t1_j1jmdjt wrote

That's weird. If I was a photon, trying to travel from a lamp on Earth to some very far away planet, you say, time would stop for me. But if time stops, there can't be motion, and I would never leave from that lamp on Earth in the first place. I would just glimpse into existence, and stop forever, or something like that.

Or I guess you mean like, everything stops, but me. In that case, my birth into existence and arrival on my final destination would be instantaneous. I'd get born, travel, and die at the same time.

Ooooor, that would be how everything else would see me as, happening instantaneous, while I'm actually having lots of fun during my travel, seeing how nothing is moving, perhaps except other photons. Is that it? But this couldn't be true either, because we don't see light's movement instantaneous, we see it with a delay depending on its distance, like we keep seeing old stars that aren't there anymore...

It doesn't make sense. Sorry. Perhaps I shouldn't have put myself in place of a photon. I don't know.

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AccreditedMaven t1_j1jleee wrote

Ginger and menthol work differently than wasabi. Wasabi, horseradish snd hot mustard are constrictors of sinus tissue.. The pain you feel if you eat a large dollop of freshly mixed wasabi is tissue contraction - the opposite of swelling.. The contraction effect generally lasts about an hour or two during which you perceive being less congested.

Go Geri’s good for upset stomach and nausea; thru use preserved ginger on oncology floors to help with chemo side effects..

Fun fact: wasabi also works against early colon cancer cells

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Squishymushshroom t1_j1jjjyg wrote

In special relativity no one ever experience any time dilation. Every observer experiences it‘s Eigenzeit.

Time also does not move slower for anyone, as this statement is absolute and hence violates the principle that every observer is equally correct.

What is correct to say is something like; From the perspective of a person on earth , it appears that time in the space station moving fast has slowed down.

But a person on ISS will tell you the same thing about earth!

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