Recent comments in /f/askscience

Ausoge t1_j312jgd wrote

Honestly, I don't know - evolution is capable of producing some pretty incredible results - but I doubt it. It would require cells to either use something other than lipids to form their outer membrane, or to reinforce the layer to the point that the attractive molecular forces cannot break it. Such an adaptation would so fundamentally change the way cells currently operate, that any drift in that direction would probably be incompatible with life.

A suitable analogy might be to ask if vertebrates could evolve to be totally immune to fire. Like yeah, maybe, but the required physiological changes would be totally incompatible with life as we know it.

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SimShade t1_j310e3x wrote

Yes, humans have highly similar self-antigens, but there is still some variation between individuals. This is why autoantibody tests are not always completely accurate and may require further testing to confirm a diagnosis.

Epitopes are the specific parts of an antigen that are recognized by the immune system, and they can be either unique or shared between different antigens. In the case of self-antigens, the epitopes are typically highly conserved, meaning that they are similar among individuals. However, there can still be some variation in the epitopes, which can affect the immune system's ability to recognize self-antigens and may contribute to the development of autoimmune disorders.

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graebot t1_j30yk7p wrote

If there's no atmosphere, then there's no pressure to press things together. Suction cups, for instance, do not work in a vacuum. They require atmospheric pressure to press the cup to the surface. If part of tar's stickiness comes from the suction effect in an atmosphere, then at least some of that "stickiness" must disappear

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SimShade t1_j30yc3g wrote

No, we do not all have the same self-antigens. Self-antigens are proteins or other molecules that are present on the surface of our cells and are recognized as being "self" by the immune system. These self-antigens are typically unique to an individual and are used by the immune system to distinguish the body's own cells from foreign cells.

Self-antigens can include proteins such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which are present on the surface of almost all cells and play a critical role in the immune system's ability to recognize and attack foreign invaders. MHC molecules are highly variable and are thought to have evolved to provide a diverse range of self-antigens that can be recognized by the immune system.

In addition to MHC molecules, other self-antigens may include proteins and molecules on the surface of cells, such as cell surface receptors and enzymes. These self-antigens are also unique to an individual and help the immune system to recognize and distinguish the body's own cells from foreign cells.

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roesingape t1_j30w4gb wrote

There's many. I was in the east coast noise scene in the aughts. Many artists recorded many things that either sounded exactly like destroyed speakers or destroyed speakers if turned up too loud or they'd record destroying speakers and destroy speakers playing that through speakers. Or sometimes just use already destroyed speakers to begin with just to get that sound.

Like all true art music, it was more fun to do than to hear.

EDIT: Spleling

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CrateDane t1_j30vjno wrote

> > > > > How many proteins are made per transcript before degradation is also liable to be very different for reasons like, for example, codon usage (rarer codons tend to have smaller tRNA pools) so it will take longer to translate and thus there will be fewer proteins, and any number of other things.

On that note, codon optimality also influences the half-life of mRNAs.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.029

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