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When filming wildlife, how do you keep track of the one animal you are filming? I read how you usually track animals, but I can’t even keep up with the foxes around my house with my motion sensing cameras. A lot look just a like.

I don’t understand what you mean. Corticosteroids can cause adrenal insufficiency in the long term. Overdosage of Flonase can cause it.

People should be wary of what they intake and should seek professional help on whether they should be taking such medication for such prolonged time. OP was curious and I gave him the answer.

However they interpret my answer is up to them.

Edit: also if you search it on google you’ll see that the is indeed happened before from taking too much of Flonase.

>I have clearly demonstrated that they are viable.

While simultaneously glossing right over the fact that all of it is attributable to a sense of vestigial practices.

So then why mention it? Adrenal insufficiency isn’t listed as a side effect of Flonase use, mentioning this may cause readers to avoid using the drug altogether (out of fear) when they could actually benefit from using it.

GREAT question - and I just posted saying I would stop answering Qs, but just to start tapping into this one: spotted hyenas are generalists and super behaviorally flexible as compared to the big cats. For instance, they've been known to even eat insects and caterpillars, as well as of course refuse, despite their role as apex predators. Essentially, they can make it work. That being said, we at the IUCN SSG Hyaena Specialist Group are currently finalizing the new range maps and trying to revise the population estimates and population vulnerability of the four hyena species, including spotties. Spotties are also declining across their range, despite being so successful and behaviorally flexible. Please feel free to contact me (see the original post) to talk further about this!

Yeah it’s definitely very unlikely, but definitely something to consider and to mention.

Plus OP just asked a question and I gave them the most logical answer, whether anyone actually got it is something I don’t know.

Hi everyone! I had an amazing time answering your questions for the past few hours, but it's time for me to bounce. Please feel free to reach out via social media/email/website/etc. to chat more (see the original post for how to find me). Thanks again for stopping by!

~ Christine

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ooooh 1) I LOVE JURASSIC PARK. I'm literally wearing a Jurassic Park shirt right now.

2. The last time I read that book was over a decade ago, but as I recall there was a big hunting scene? In that sense, yes spotted hyenas can and do hunt in groups (they can also hunt in pairs or solo), so that part was accurate. I think in the book they mentioned that the cubs ate first, or something, but that wouldn't be entirely accurate if we're talking spotted hyenas. Spotted hyenas have intricate social structures, which means that a cub could be ranked higher or lower than any given adult. So if you have the cub of an adult that is ranked lower than, say, the top female, then that cub is definitely not getting first dibs on the carcass. Rank order is critical for spotties, and you can usually determine their respective ranks by looking at how they behave toward each other.

> couldn't any color be replicated?

Pretty much, yes. Learning how to design modified versions of fluorescent proteins took some time + quite a bit of research, but people have gotten pretty good at it.

you may find this interesting, these are a range of engineered fluorescent proteins available over 20 years ago. Many more are available now, AFAIK the entire visual spectrum is available for purchase now.

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Olga-Markova-2/publication/299382987/figure/fig1/AS:650036895576076@1531992281254/Palette-of-fluorescent-proteins-Engineered-fluorescent-proteins-cover-the-full-visible.png

> are those colors just the best evolutionary fit for the environment?

Again, pretty much yes. There's no technical reason why certain colors of fluorescent protein couldn't have evolved naturally, so the fact that they didn't suggests that for whatever reason they aren't advantageous.

Currently they're accepting applications for a HUGE grant in Animal Behavior and Cognition.

Also, in my opinion NGS really loves 1) meaningful conservation work, 2) storytelling that incorporates a new perspective or way of creating stories, and 3) interesting new pioneering tech related to conservation/the environment.

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I don't know of any studies that have seen this sort of shift, though omnivory in Carnivora is quite common. Typically, omnivorous animals will alter their diets depending on availability of different types of items, as you've said (i.e., coyotes in wine country eating a lot of grapes), but I don't think veg loss has been dramatic enough for that to show a strong, lasting/scalable signature of any kind yet. Remains to be seen what will happen as animal ranges continue to shift.

Sorry, I forgot to mention it. I am a mechanical engineer who is very much interested in quantum physics. Thank you for your answer, it cleared up the doubt effortlessly.

If you are still taking questions, something I have been dying to know that seems to lie perfectly with your line of work is why spotted hyenas seem to be doing so much better conservation-wise than other top-order carnivorans in Africa. Namely lions, leopards, and painted dogs, especially when, at least to someone with less knowledge, it seems they'd be more vulnerable if anything. All four experience threats from habitat destruction, human persecution, and a declining prey base. While spotted hyenas also seem to deal with having the worst reputation of the four, poisoned carrion, and two years of producing some of the most nutrient-dense milk of any carnivoran before their babies are weaned. Yet the two pantherines are considered vulnerable, the canid endangered, and spotted hyenas are decreasing but of least concern. Beyond that, a 2018 study showed a spotted hyena population in the Serengeti took 16 years to recover to pre-epidemic numbers compared to the three required by lions in the same area. Despite the hyenas seeming to face a 16% decrease as opposed to the 30% experienced by those lions. Slow recovery from a disease epidemic in the spotted hyena, a keystone social carnivore
What makes spotted hyenas so special, what is setting them apart? Decreased competition? All those other predators are facing decreased competition, so what sets the hyenas apart? Is it their large range? Then why do spotted hyenas specifically have such a large range? And regardless of what this advantage is how effective may it be in the future with increasing anthropogenic pressures? Is it possible this could save these keystone species in some way?

I'm missing something here and probably making myself look silly for it, but I would greatly appreciate some clarification on my Crocuta crocuta conservation confusion.

Might be because the coyotes just have plenty to eat and places to roam elsewhere, so no need to take the risk of coming near! I would be keen to do an empirical study on the effects of human urine, though.

I'm running out of time but I answered this in a different user's question! Feel free to reach out to me via social media if you have any follow-ups.

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I recommend getting your chickens a fully enclosed chicken run (with a roof, etc.). Your horses should be all set. Your barn cats and doggos (depending on size) might be at risk, but as long as you are continuing to haze, the coyotes probably will not want to take that risk to come near your property. If things get dire, make sure you have a nice tall fence with coyote rollers on the top.