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This is the answer I’ve been looking for after years of having this concept explained only with vague references to expanding balloons, or allusions to the expansion of space being some sort of intrinsic property. Thank you! This quagmire of a concept reminds me a lot of the confusion around ”relativistic mass”, which has thankfully fallen out of usage.

A follow up question to this, does this mean there is some unique Center Of Momentum frame, or is this precluded by SR? And how is this related to the CMBR rest frame?

As a blackhole approaches a singularity, shouldn't time slow down so much so that it may never actually reach a singularity? i.e.it will forever be approaching a singularity.

One thing I'm looking for with this question is the time dilation in black holes. Thanks

How does E=mc^2 not translate to photons have mass? Is mass in 'energy' form not affected by gravity?

That answer seems kinda counterintuititive to me considering that the universe is larger than the equivalent size it should be for its age and the speed of light. Thus, the expansion of the universe has obviously gone faster than light and has broken a major physical limitation of the universe itself. Why would we expect that expansion follow other in universe laws?

Are photons affected by gravity like objects with mass? Or is it 'simulating' gravity and moving along the curved spacetime.

In Einstein's general relativity, he said that there is no difference between an accelerating frame and a gravity well. A photon will appear to curve down in both cases.

How does this suggest curved spacetime and not gravity's attractive effect on the photon?

Very complicatedly, I would say. Given the temperature and atmospheric pressure on Titan, both methane and ethane are at the triple point, and so goes between solid, liquid, and gas easily. This leads to a pretty complex chemical system and a cycle analogous to the hydrological cycle ("methane-ologic cycle"), the only other place in the Solar System. One of the famous features are that are seen to pop in and out of existence in the seas are the "Magic Islands", of which waves or bubbles might explain the transient nature.

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Right, I understand each individual phenomenon, but, for example, how does an entire atom moving faster result in the electron(s) of that atom emitting photons? And, conversely, how does a photon being absorbed by an electron become the entire atom vibrating with a little more energy? Shouldn't the electron receiving the photon just jump up a quantum level, then back down again when it in turn emits a photon, rather than any of that activity somehow making the entire atom vibrate more? This is what I'm missing...

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Do you think we might be in a self perpetuated slow time envelope?

What is dark energy??

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If you want a deep dive on the gross misunderstanding around the paper that sparked this perception, you could check out this thread.

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That was a great explanation thanks!

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We're perfectly evolved for life on earth. Could other life be perfectly suited to live within suns, on planets as far out as Pluto, or in black holes? Why do we say that life "needs water" - isn't it more the case that life on earth needs water, but elsewhere life could evolve to make do with other elements or compounds instead?

Very cool! Thank you!

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