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Haha, true. But since you are taking the byproduct of the crystallization process I thought it might be called something different.

Can drops of water not be raindrops simply because they are each measured separately? The water droplet knows not of the rain.

Simply put; 1. A singular lonely atom cannot be heated as heat is a quantification of atomic relative Brownian movement (local interactions caused by relative atomic velocity) therefore heat cannot be transmitted in a vacuum. 2. Individual atoms with no interaction have null molecular density and so they are gaseous. 3. Pressure and temperature are functions of atomic density and momentum.

Got it. Thanks!

(Edit: But then it screws up mobile.)

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An ensemble can also be one atom or one molecule. So yes, it certainly has a well defined temperature.

Yes he was 21 when he had his first

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>So temperature is not a universal concept then? It is context dependent, and has many definitions?

Yes it has, but the definitions are all different sides of the same coin. Or in other words, they add in complexity, but are more or less the same. They are not contradicting.

Temperature IS the average kinetic energy of a systems particles. Thats not just the classical definition that is also the result if you combine quantum theory and statistical thermodynamics. This kinetic energy just is not only translational but also rotation and vibration. A single atom though, does not have the degrees of freedom to rotate or vibrate. Besides its spin, but that is not important here.

There is another dof, and thats the electronic one. Yes, here energy can also be stored. Also probably neglectable here, but OP was very unprecise with his thought experiment here...

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Defining temperature by kinetic energy, you could calculate it for a single marble. If you want to use the advanced definition of temperature via entropy, sure lets do it:

$T = dE/dS $

So temperature is the change of internal energy when changing the entropy. In statistical thermodynamics, one can now define entropy by the number of availible states $\Omega$ with its degrees of freedom.

The degrees of freedom a single atom has are $3N-3$ = 0. That basically means, this atom only has the translation dofs and the electronic ones. Lets neglect the electronic ones (even though they might be important, as with then we might be able to measure the temperature) then the temperature of a single atom is solely defined by its kinetic energy.

Can we access it in labratory without using the interaction with other atoms? No! But in simulations we can. Or what kinds of problems do we have?

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The wavelength is determined by the amount of time between peaks or valleys in the pressure, not the amplitude of them. Said differently, the speed of sound is nearly independent of the pressure, so if the time is known, then the distance can be solved for, as simply wavelength (meters) = speed of sound (meters / second) divided by frequency (Hz or cycles / second). In other words, the wavelength depends only on the speed of sound and the frequency, but not the amplitude.

If you pull a rubber band tighter, it snaps back faster. Same idea here. Whatever the equilibrating force is that is involved with the oscillation, it’s stronger if you increase the displacement from equilibrium. That stronger force causes the wave particle velocity change to keep pace with the peak displacement change, and so the period/wavelength is unchanged.

I don't get what you mean by "out of phase". Gravity is exceedingly weak at the atomic scale, it can be safely ignored.

Atoms feel van der Waals attraction. It's a very weak interaction, but billions of billions times stronger than gravity at this scale still. It will get even noble gases into a crystal when there's sufficiently little motion.

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you need to put a \ before the first close bracket in your link.

[Applejack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applejack_(drink\))
[Applejack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applejack_(drink))

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By compared to itself it means the motions of the atoms within an object relative to each other. The object itself can have any velocity depending on the observer but no matter which direction it's moving as a whole or how fast, the atoms within still have the same motions relative to each other, which is signified by temperature.

I don’t think the methanol is the primary concern; it’s just one of them. It won’t make you go blind, because of the ethanol consumption, but it won’t leave you feeling good either.

The net result of 40% abv applejack is something like the worst rotgut whiskey. It won’t make you go blind, and it probably won’t kill you—but it might well make you wish you were dead.

Drinking a glass of water with each shot would certainly help, just as it does when drinking large amounts of any spirit.

You’re correct. The gist is methanol in itself isn’t great for you, but it’s not terrible. The problem is the same enzyme in your body that detoxifies ethanol will actually change methanol into something incredibly toxic. The solution is to tie up as many of the ethanol-detoxifying enzymes as possible so that they never have a chance to interact with the methanol molecules, and you end up peeing out the methanol.