Recent comments in /f/askscience

[deleted] t1_jdclivl wrote

I tried cricket chips growing up. Just roasted crickets with seasoning on them. They honestly tasted good but the wings could get stuck in your teeth really easily. Many cultures do eat insects and some companies are attempting to introduce insects to western Europe and the USA through processed goods like powders. As you already stated, they truly are an efficient source of nutrients. Cows take 6 times as much feed for the same return as crickets.

https://www.fao.org/edible-insects/en/#:~:text=Edible%20insects%20contain%20high%20quality,the%20same%20amount%20of%20protein.

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ChemicalRain5513 t1_jdclik6 wrote

What I also don't understand is that E. coli can make you sick if it already lives in your guts. It seems counterintuitive to me that eating your own faeces can make you ill. Even though that's an image I don't want to have on my mind.

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HalcyonDreams36 t1_jdcjdlb wrote

We call that "life support"... A vegetative state, where the body functions are fine but the brain activity is gone.

Typically, that's a temporary state, while they evaluate the possibility of a person waking up (are they brain dead, or potentially just comatose?), and if the former, give families time to make decisions, come to terms, say goodbye.

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PoetryandScience t1_jdchg1m wrote

You have a master eye. If you hold your thumb up at arms stretch, both eyes open , and line it up with a small object in the room; now close one eye. If you thumb is still in line then you have just closed the subordinate eye. Try it again, this time close the other eye and the thumb will appear to move.

Unless it is inconvenient (something in the way for example) , the brain utilises the master primarily and the other image is used to judge distance, it can be used to confirm detail at closer range (reading).

When I used to shoot pistols, I would have competitions with myself by using both a left hand and a right hand pistol; I would make a point of sighting the shot using my right eye to shoot with the right hand and the left eye to shoot with the left. You might find you can consciously choose which eye is acting as the master; ambidextrous people (me) find this easier than most, or so I understand; we use both sides of our brain more readily. There is a saying , "ambidextrous is using both hands equally badly"; luckily, nobody told Leonardo da Vinci or Michelangelo.

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aTacoParty t1_jdcfzou wrote

We think of walking as a rather simple task that the majority of the population does everyday without thinking. In reality, its actually quite a complex process that requires numerous brain areas as well as your senses constantly providing feedback.

The main motor system consists of your motor cortex with upper motor neurons (in the brain), your spinal cord with lower motor neurons, and the muscles they innervate. All those need to be firing in a complex pattern (tense the quad of one leg and release the hamstrings while doing the opposite on the other leg for example).

We also need to maintain balance. We do that by taking in 3 sensory inputs: the feel of the ground beneath our feet, the orientation of our environment with our eyes, and the placement of the fluid within our vestibular organs in our ears. All of those systems combine within the basal ganglia (like the thalamus) and the cerebellum to drive changes in our gait that allow us to stay upright even on uneven ground.

Walking is also a rhythmic motor movement so we need to maintain an even pace for each step. You can imagine how difficult it'd be to walk if every step went a different distance or your speed constantly increased or decreased. The cerebellum also is in charge of that and modifies our gait to maintain a certain pace.

All that is required just to walk on a treadmill. If we're also in a complex environment, let's say a sidewalk, we're also going to need to use our prefrontal and premotor cortices for planning future movements. If someone is walking in front of us, we'll need to plan a route around them and maybe speed up a little to pace them. If you see someone start to cross the street and they may intersect our path, we now need to calculate how fast they're going, the most probable path they'll take, and how we can change our own gait to prevent collision. Of course nearly all of this is done unconsciously without you even realizing it but it all needs to happen to successfully navigate just a sidewalk.

All of this is to say when people can't walk, there could be a multitude of problems and all these pathways contain millions if not hundreds of millions of connections. So there isn't a simple solution of reconnecting the pathways since its incredibly complex. Spinal cord injuries, uncontrolled diabetes, strokes, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cancer, vertigo, etc are all disease that make it hard to walk but they affect different pathways.

Pyramidal system (motor cortex) - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK540976/

Extrapyramidal (everything else) system - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554542/

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IdontOpenEnvelopes t1_jdcfn74 wrote

Q: "Daddy, what happens when you die at the hospital?"

A: " They clean the bed and admit another one".

The body has many cascades of failure, the net result is cardiac arrest. Now cardiac arrest is just medical death and it can occasionally be reversed through resuscitative efforts depending on a myriad of factors. Legal death is when you are beyond salvage.

Your cells need sugar and oxygen to make energy to operate the Sodium/Potassium pumps to keep the sodium out, when the pumps stop sodium floods the cell and causes lysosomes to explode due to osmotic gradients- this releases digestive enzymes into the interior of the cell causing it get eaten from the inside. Thats cell death.

Now your brain is the main user of energy, when blood flow slows to a critical level, the neurology starts to get disregulated causing your autonomic nervous system to spazz out driving your organs through predictable stages of disregulation and failure.

The lungs start to fail from the lack of blood flow causing more blood to bypass them without picking up oxygen- this aggravates the above. Also causes permanent damage to the lungs.The build up of CO2 causes your blood to become more acidic - which accelerates organ failure and cardiac and neurological disregultation leading to failure.

Your kidneys are very sensitive to blood pressure being in the right zone, when the BP gets too low your kidneys fail- causing a rapid build up of metabolic wastes and an electrolyte imablances- this effects all the organs - most critically the heart muscle and muscles of reapiration - both very sensitive to Sodium/Potassium levels.

The slowed blood flow in the tissues causes local acid/base balance disregulation which cause clotting in the capillary beds - you end up with disseminated intravascular clotting- which accelerates all of the above.

The above doesn't include any of the hormonal disregulation that accompanies the cascade of failure.

Eventually, you endup with seizure, coma, death.

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jackyj888 t1_jdcf2ii wrote

Is that still taught? I would advise against it. Call 911 or a trusted family member/spouse of the effected person.

Giving insulin to someone with low blood sugar is generally worse than giving sugar to someone with high blood sugar, but you can still really do damage and even put someone into DKA if you don't know what you are doing.

Typically a glucometer is gonna be right next to the insulin or in a diabetics medical supplies. Use it and give the 911 operator the result and right it down next to the time you took the reading for the arriving ambulance.

If they are unconscious, don't try to put food or water in their mouth. They either need an IV or insulin, and both are jobs for trained pros. In the event of a diabetic emergency, neither dextrose/glucose or insulin should be given without a glucometer reading.

Tldr: If you aren't a paramedic or higher, you shouldn't be administering insulin or dextrose/glucose either way.

Otherwise your post seems pretty accurate. Not trying to crap on or dismiss your post or anything, just saying that that is no longer recommended.

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