Sure, when a company has a good year bonuses are generally higher.

I don't know why a bunch of mind-body dualists come to a thread asking a question framed under mind-body materialism to give their spiritually motivated answers that are entirely irrelevant to the question asked. Proselytize elsewhere?

Yep! If you remember vectors, Cartesian geometry is also linear. Every vector is a linear superposition of eigenvectors, which are the x,y, and z unit vectors in 3D geometry.

Yeah, mine wasn't that great either. I didn't get it until I had linear signals classes and was like "huh...I wish I paid more attention in my linear algebra class."

They didn't do a very good job of explaining the applications of the class, I feel. Linearity applies to so many things.

We use half life because, quote simply, that's how the laws of thermodynamics work in chemistry. I know that's kind of an unsatisfying answer, but answering why it works that way is kind of like asking why radioactive elements decay in a half-life fashion.

When reactions generate a half life, it becomes very difficult to say precisely when the reaction will stop proceeding entirely. Additionally, even if you knew precisely how long it would take, a large percentage of that time would be taken by the tail end of the reaction, where blood levels of the drug are so low they are ineffective.

In short, we use half life because it gives the amount of time that the concentration of the drug is in your system is at the level we need it to be for it to be beneficial and do its thing.

Or how about giving it to the employees who made it all possible...

Out of body experiences, of which there is no reason to assume aren't entirely created by and still entirely within the brain?

I mean, you'd see the other light (:

So the idea of half-life is a bit simplified for biological processes. The way half-life is taught in school is usually with radioactive decay. Radioactive decay follows a first order rate of reaction. What this means is the rate of reaction is directly proportionally to the amount of substance. If you have half as much, it decays half as slowly.

Many other reactions have more complicated kinetic orders. There are second order reactions where reactions go four times faster if you double the reagent. Zero order reactions where the rate is not affected by the amount of something. You can have fractional order reactions that speed up as the concentration of a reagent decreases. A reaction can also have different orders for each reagent or even be catalyzed by some small amount of something to speed it up. Also, there can be a limited amount of certain reagents in the body meaning the order of the reaction can change as something is broken down.

So, for instance say you have a drug that is a zero order reagent. It is broken down at a rate of 1 g/hrs. You take two grams. Half life is 1 hour. After that hour, half life will be 30 minutes. 30 minutes from that, 15 minutes. You get the idea.

Finally to answer your question, the half-lives are written at expected does. It can not necessarily be extrapolated to tell when it will all be out of the body, but it is a useful tool for healthcare providers.

There are so many other reasons why that might have happened. Sorry but regardless of your personal experiences with budgies, it doesn't change the fact that they're incredible flyers. Why do you think that a species of birds that depends on flying for survival is bad at flying as a species? That doesn't make any sense. There are plenty of reasons why budgies in captivity may be bad at flying, but in the wild the reasons are much fewer in number.

So where is the mind if not the brain, according to you?

Apparently goose bumps are a relic of our ape-like ancestors. Back when our ancestors were covered in fur, the goose bump reflex would make their fur rise and make them look bigger. This was useful in scaring off predators.

It was also useful when cold, because it would create a layer of air for insulation. This reflex is common in many mammals, and is most obvious in porcupines, since they have long quills.

Now that our hair is sparse it doesn't do us much good. But we still have some vestigial body parts (like the appendix) or reflexes (like goose bumps) that used to be more useful.

Just imagine companies spend their money wisely. I'm sure everyone will get fatter bonuses in the long run since money saved benefits everyone on the company

Additionaly the cut depth matters, nicks are less likely to give you tetanus than stepping on a nail.

I use a rusty lawnmower blade

>Spending it just tells the people who make the budget that you do in fact need the amount allocated to you and to not give some of it to someone else.

Lol. An analogy of this would be a family has 10 children. Each meal, every kid is given an equal portion of food. Sometimes Timmy feels full and doesn't finish his food, so mom gives him less in the future. Because of this rule, every kid are forced to finish their food even if they're not hungry. And that's how the 10 kids got fat

Turns out there's only so much padding you can fit in a helmet, so competitive in-situ blacksmithing sessions were the go-to method of settling disputes for a good while.

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This is a good summary. The benefit is entirely psychological, which isn't necessarily a bad thing. I remember how mom used to kiss my boo-boos as a kid and I do the same for mine, just like I make them chicken soup and let them have a little ginger ale for stomachaches. It's as much for my own anxiety about them being sick as it is for their relief; some day I expect that they will remember the comfort they felt from these little rituals when it comes time for them to do the same, even if there's no biological basis as a "cure".

It is a vestigial reaction back from when humans used to have much more body hair.

Goosebumps cause our body hair to stand up on end. When we were much hairier, this had two effects:

• Trapped more air near the skin, warming us up (like a natural sweater).

• Made us look larger and less attractive to preditors.

While the hair has evolved away, the goosebump reaction remains when we get cold or scared.

Well, sort of. You also have massive "noise-cancellation" systems built on the same principle when big artists perform live concerts. They literally have subwoofers between the stage and the actual sound-producing subwoofers pointing out to the crowd, and these noise cancelling subwoofers play the same bass sounds (albeit a bit delayed to account for travel) but polarity switched. Imagine sound as a wave going up and down, now if you play the exact same wave but flipped, the waves will cancel out eachother.

I think everyone in the working industry is brain washed to think just because 100k saved means next yr that dept will get budget cuts... That's why this cultivates extravagant spending.

I asked my supervisor this when I was at uni and she said one method is to record the heartbeat and synchronise the image capture so that it takes the scans at the same point of each pump :)

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You can still get some pretty hardcore cough syrup with a prescription from a doctor. A few years ago I was feeling ill in the morning on my way to work. I checked the medicine cabinet and found half a bottle of cough syrup that was prescribed to my wife some time ago. Thinking it was standard cough syrup I chugged some unmetered portion of it. I had to pull over the few minutes into my drive to work as it kicked in. I open the car door and puked all over the place. In the moment I thought it was just the illness. But when I got home and looked closer at the bottle it was heavily fortified with opiates. I don't remember exactly which one. Hydrocodone or codeine or something.

Yes and Issac Newton was the one to make a mental picture of the relationship of speed, trajectory, and gravity called "Newton's Cannonball." He hypothesized that there's basically a "sweet spot" in which an object traveling fast enough to not fall back to a surface but slow enough to not trail off into space. He hypothesized that gravity was a universal force and was the driver of planetary and satellite motion.

It's a pretty famous though experiment. It's even referenced in Issac Newton's episode of Epic Rap Battles of history.