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Mostly the rise of Abrahamic faiths. Christianity in particular has had a huge influence on cultures and beliefs over the last 1500+ years, including by supplanting or eliminating other religions which had different beliefs about death and the afterlife.

You've gotten a lot of good answers in here - I do want to add, though, that on the continuum between friendship and active war, giving weapons to a country's enemy is waaaaaaay over on the war side. This isn't really as binary as "going to war" or "not going to war" - arming Ukraine is very close to war.

Fundamentally, Russia can't really do anything about it and NATO doesn't want to get any more involved than they are. This is what's called a proxy war.

You shouldn't eat raw flour in general due to e. coli risks.

The yeast is killed by cooking. In the case of fermented beverages most of the yeast settles out before you drink it and you do not drink much yeast. Your stomach acid kills what you do drink.

If you straight up drank active yeast slurry and sugar water it probably could overwhelm your stomach acid and ferment in your stomach and intestines, producing a lot of gas (co2) and some alcohol, but probably not enough alcohol for you to notice any effects in the time it would be in your stomach/intestines. It would likely be very uncomfortable.

There's no global definition of what does and does not constitute an act of war and there's no international body that forces other countries to declare war on other countries. Something is considered an act of war if a country claims that it is. That's it. Giving equipment to Ukraine to fight Russia is not an act of war because Russia has (at least not yet) said they consider to be. That's all there is to it. Russia is pefectly free to say "we consider this an act of war, and so therefore we are not at war with all of NATO," but they don't want to be at war with NATO, so they don't.

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What are you talking about? Feeling groggy due to bad or short duration sleeping in the morning does not mean you will sleep worse the next night.

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One historical precedent was the Lend-lease act.

>In December 1940, Roosevelt introduced a new policy initiative whereby the United States would lend, rather than sell, military supplies to Great Britain for use in the fight against Germany. Payment for the supplies would be deferred, and could come in any form Roosevelt deemed satisfactory.

Basically we are just a material supplier. As long as we don't actually use our own troops to fight, we are not really "in the war". We are no different that those many other countries that supply medicine, fuel, food and other supplies.

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It’s so frustrating how one thing could be a misdemeanor or legal in one state and a felony or illegal in another. You can’t even claim ignorance of the local laws. It’s all messed up.

Russia can't effectively retaliate or prevent the transfer from happening without going to war with NATO as a whole. They're getting their shit kicked in by NATO's summer garage sale right now. If they went up against the real thing Moscow would be NATO property before you could say "nation building".

You're welcome. That's also going to be the case with basically any kind of crime. I see questions here about "what is 2nd degree manslaughter?" or some other thing. The answer is that it varies state by state.

Ah ok. The fact that each state has a different meaning for both terms makes it so difficult to differentiate. Thank you.

I am a criminal defense attorney. I specialize in DUI law.

In my state, a DUI (stands for "driving under the influence") means that you were driving a vehicle while your breath alcohol content was 0.08 or above.

In my state, a DWI (stands for "driving while impaired") means that you were driving a vehicle while your breath alcohol content was between 0.06 and 0.07. It's a less serious charge with a lower punishment range.

However, other states have different laws, and they call them different things. In Texas, DWI stands for "driving while intoxicated", and it's the equivalent of our DUI.

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One thing that is not mentioned here is that often it's not a direct connection.

My family were refugees from the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

The USSR tried to claim that Afghanistan belonged to them, so the US didn't want to go directly into Afghanistan.

As a result the US went to small rural villages in Pakistan just across the border in Pakistan. They gave these villagers excellent weapons and lots of money and told them "take these to Afghanistan so they can fight the Russians". This was called Operation Cyclone: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Cyclone

These people took some of it, and kept some of it. When the war with Afghanistan finally bankrupted the USSR, these people who kept the money and weapons then supported the Taliban and they used the American weapons to take over the country.

America has generally been reductant to admit that the Taliban has effective weapons so we often have to look at foreign media to get around US propaganda.

For example in British media, they show that the Taliban used American anti-aircraft missile systems to take down American aircraft: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jul/25/afghanistan-taliban-missile-strike-chinook

Meanwhile the American government wants to insist that leftover equipment is fully disabled. And that the Taliban are too stupid to use it.

If the Taliban know how to operate American missile systems, they could probably rebuild a few Humvees.

One of the biggest problems I see with Americans is they like to connect evil with stupidity.

There's no reason you can't have an evil genius. If Hitler was stupid, the Holocaust wouldn't have happened.

In 2015-2016 countless people said Trump was too stupid and it's impossible for him to become president.These people were too naive.

Underestimating evil entities is a very serious issue.

Nonetheless, the US likely gives Ukraine lots of stuff indirectly through neighboring countries.

If the US had a significant presence in Ukraine - that could cause a direct conflict with Russia.

If Russia kills a US soldier in Ukraine, that can now cause a messy situation.

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Different states have different laws, and sometimes a slightly different name may be applied for the same criminal act depending on which jurisdiction you're looking at.

Admittedly this stuff is rather complicated and open to tons of interpretation. In the current case in Ukraine, the US and other countries are supplying Ukraine with weapons. So without a doubt they are supporting Ukraine. However, it is not US "minds" deciding exactly on how those weapons are used, although the US is giving some guidelines to limit their offensive employment. That's on President Zelensky and his generals. No Americans are actually killing Russians in this regard. At least in terms of how a nation views its own involvement, its a pretty big difference. But just kind of how the politics play out it is possible to do so and kind of distance yourself from the war execution. WWII is a very good example in that the US supplied lots of weapons to the allies before entering the war "directly" at the end of 1941. Proxy wars are a thing, and this is one of the ways they are carried out.