Recent comments in /f/explainlikeimfive
Yavcho181 t1_j67rvux wrote
Reply to ELI5: why do we eat so much after getting high by ani77
Your brain has little slots called receptors (in this case they are called CB1 receptors) . Your brain uses lipids that can bind to the cb1 receptors causing you to feel hungry. THC found in weed binds to the CB1 receptors in your brain "tricking" you into feeling hungry.
My partner is a nursery worker and wrote this based on my ' too scientific for a five year old' description.
"Your brain is a puzzle. The weed copies matching pieces. When brain and weed pieces join together, it makes you hungery."
Your brain can naturally complete this puzzle when you need to eat however weed can complete it without your brain's permission.
jsveiga t1_j67rtrg wrote
Reply to ELI5: How does ChatGPT work? by Zurbinjo
ChatGPT is a language model that uses deep learning to generate human-like text. It is trained on a large dataset of text and uses a variant of the transformer architecture called the GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) architecture. During training, the model learns patterns and relationships in the text data, allowing it to generate new text that is similar to the training data. When the model is used for generating text, it takes a prompt (a starting text) and generates a continuation of rhat text. The quality of the generated text depends on the quality of the training data and the complexity of the task.
In more eli5 terms:
ChatGPT is a computer program that can talk like a person. We teach it by showing it lots and lots of talking, like in books and on the internet. It learns how people talk and then it can talk like a person too. When you ask it something, it uses what it learned to try to say something that makes sense. It's like when you learn new words, you can use them to talk better.
[deleted] t1_j67qubb wrote
frakc t1_j67q8sf wrote
Reply to Eli5: if cardio makes the heart stronger by increasing heart rate and blood pressure, why do energy drinks damage it? by CrammedMeat
When doing cardio preasure and rate rise gradually. Energy drinks make very sharp rise to level which almost always above optimal even for trained people. There is also another problems that body tries to fight unnatural heart rate rise and that might lead to heart arest.
SigmaWildWolf t1_j67ps16 wrote
Reply to Eli5 : What does hot air rise and cold fall? And why they higher I get in the atmosphere, the colder it get? by hopitlong21
Molecular Density + Gravitational Wave + Coriolis Force = ?
opdjmw t1_j67oykl wrote
Reply to comment by syds in ELI5: Why do dead bodies found in homes mummify instead of decay? by i_was_way_off
If you die with a live cat, in an apartment or house where the cat can’t escape, it’s quite often seen that the cat (or dog for that matter) will eat parts of the body. Often it’s the face.
… or the cat will become a mummy, praised by the ancient Egyptians.
asdfcrow t1_j67oqt1 wrote
Reply to comment by SpermWhaleGodKing in ELI5: how did my bottle of milk explode? by SpermWhaleGodKing
bigger explosion, or just crazy pressure that would just sit until it was released somehow, breaking container, etc, for example lol https://youtube.com/shorts/PsJzm84xTwo?feature=share
chrischi3 t1_j67oq01 wrote
Reply to ELI5: Is aluminum common enough that it’s not a concern, or are we just really good at recycling it? by RestrictedCervical
Yes. For one thing, aluminium is one of the most common elements on Earth. Secondly, while it's a lot of effort to refine (In fact, before the industrial revolution, it was so expensive that Napoleon had aluminium tableware to flex on everyone who could only afford gold), aluminium, like most metals, can just be melted down and reused.
The_Truthkeeper t1_j67onk0 wrote
Reply to comment by SpermWhaleGodKing in ELI5: how did my bottle of milk explode? by SpermWhaleGodKing
The pressure will keep building up until either the container gives way or the bacteria run out of sugar to eat.
SoulWager t1_j67omm0 wrote
Reply to Eli5 : What does hot air rise and cold fall? And why they higher I get in the atmosphere, the colder it get? by hopitlong21
Lets say you have a chunk of cold air at sea level. The sun heats up the air near the ground by hitting the ground first(regular visible light just passes through the air instead of heating it). The increase in temperature causes it to expand(the weight of the air on top of you isn't changing, so the pressure stays the same for the moment.) Now your chunk of air is less dense than the surrounding gas, so it starts to rise.
The higher up you go the lower the air pressure, so your chunk of air expands even more, pulling heat out of the evaporated water it absorbed near the surface(which condenses into clouds and rain).
High up in the atmosphere it's cooled down a lot from expanding, but it still hasn't actually gotten rid of the energy it absorbed from that sunlight, it does this by radiating infrared light off into space, cooling off even more before it starts to sink back to the ground to start the process over.
BitOBear t1_j67ojcb wrote
Reply to Eli5: how does stomach acid not exit with feces when we have diarrhoea? Isn't it just a sphincter which should in theory not be infallible? by Thtanilaw1113
The bile expressed from the common bile duct is a caustic base that your body produces to neutralize your stomach acid. One of the main reasons your stomach produces acid is to unfold the pepsin that your body uses to dismantle proteins. (It's the chemical that tastes like ashes and burns your throat for a long time when you vomit. It's produced in an inactive folded configuration so that it doesn't destroy the cells that are making it, and needs a strong acid to unfold and activate.)
With extreme gastric distress your ilium closes and only the bile passes through the intestines. This leads to the yellowish burning bile-enriched excrement you experience when things get very ugly.
It's all very chemical.
Kidiri90 t1_j67nw3g wrote
Reply to comment by Rakeallday in ELI5: why can't we use electricity to kill microorganisms in small amount of water ? by FreshT3ch
And, you know, it gets turned into hydrogen and oxygen.
Adghar t1_j67nhc0 wrote
Reply to ELI5: How does ChatGPT work? by Zurbinjo
Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), which ChatGPT make use of, are simply the science of statistics being applied heavily.
If you take a sample of 10,000 English sentences, you expect to encounter certain patterns. Maybe 3 of the sentences have "rock" after the word "the," maybe 15 of the sentences that contain 6 or fewer words contain "I." Depending on how frequently these patterns appear, you can make predictions; if 9,996/10,000 of those sentences have "rock" after the word "the" and you're given the word "the," you can predict that you should follow it with "rock."
Now take this principle and scale it up greatly with the most sophisticated pattern-finding levers the company could come up with for the program. Feed it examples of countless oceans of language in different contexts associated with different prompts. It's then a matter of calculating based on each model and coming up with the most probable word that should follow the previous word given the entire context (your question, the sentence, the paragraph, the conversation). At that point, you can reasonably expect the program to "act like" whatever the training data was. And the training data was well-labeled and captured across many contexts, allowing the program to feel intelligent.
poo2thegeek t1_j67nbsu wrote
Reply to ELI5: How does ChatGPT work? by Zurbinjo
Chat GPT is a form of deep learning model, which is a subsection of a machine learning model. A machine learning (ML) model is one in which the decisions the model makes are based off a ‘training’ step rather than being physically encoded.
A simple example is a model that tried to distinguish between different breeds of flower. So, you give this model some information about each flower (petal length, colour, etc) as well as a ‘truth label’ (what a flower expert has said that flower is).
The model takes these numbers as inputs, these inputs are multiples by a set of numbers, have some numbers added to them, and then get passed to the output, and some value is decided as a cut off (eg, if output >5 it’s flower A, otherwise it’s flower B) If the model is wrong, all those numbers get changed a little bit, in a process known as stochastic gradient descent.
In a deep learning model, the inputs are multiplied, and then passed to a ‘hidden layer’ of nodes (often called neurons). Then these numbers are again multiplied by another set of numbers. This keeps going for multiple layers until you get to the output layer.
This is an over simplification, but is the basis of how things like chatGPT work. They simply look for patterns, and output the next word based on what they think matches the pattern.
What makes chat gpt pretty powerful is (mostly) it’s size. It contains 175 billion of those numbers that have to get updated while training, and so takes a long time + is very expensive to train
SpermWhaleGodKing OP t1_j67n5nh wrote
Reply to comment by The_Truthkeeper in ELI5: how did my bottle of milk explode? by SpermWhaleGodKing
What would happen if it was something stronger than a plastic bottle?
What if it was a very strong material sealing the milk in and the bacteria kept going making more and more gas? What would happen?
SpermWhaleGodKing OP t1_j67n52d wrote
Reply to comment by asdfcrow in ELI5: how did my bottle of milk explode? by SpermWhaleGodKing
What would happen if it was something stronger than a plastic bottle?
What if it was a very strong material sealing the milk in and the bacteria kept going making more and more gas? What would happen?
dont-YOLO-ragequit t1_j67n21x wrote
Reply to comment by [deleted] in ELI5 who decides the qualification criteria of police officers and how could it change? by rainbow_orca
The problem with no 3 is coward cops who are already playing the stats to avoid responsibility.
There are already known cases of Cops purposely taking the long road to incidents to be second on scene and avoid paperwork. There are also cops who don't want to intervene as they are under investigation and there is the "blue Flu" where cops en mass use their PTOs to skip civil unrest days.
The worry here is too many bad cops trying to keep a clean file by never being there while the good ones burn out from always leading interventions.
wades39 t1_j67n1yc wrote
Reply to ELI5: How does ChatGPT work? by Zurbinjo
ChatGPT is a modified version of another AI language model, called GPT, made by OpenAI.
While the exact technical details aren't available, we do know it's a complex language model trained on a vast data set of written word. There is also some component to the training that teaches ChatGPT what appropriate responses to prompts look like, so that it can work in a chatroom context.
In more ELI5 terms, it's a program that was designed and trained to learn how language works and how to respond to prompts.
When you send it a message, it does a large, complex calculation to make a good response to your message.
SpermWhaleGodKing OP t1_j67n0qg wrote
Reply to comment by asdfcrow in ELI5: how did my bottle of milk explode? by SpermWhaleGodKing
Thanks I get it now. I wasn’t really sure how it even happened cause I assumed if additional air/gas could get in idk how it wasn’t able to get back out.
This makes a lot more sense. I was just very surprised by the explosion and it made me curious lol
[deleted] t1_j67mxbi wrote
SpermWhaleGodKing OP t1_j67mu54 wrote
Reply to comment by The_Truthkeeper in ELI5: how did my bottle of milk explode? by SpermWhaleGodKing
Ahhh rigjt yes the molecules or whatever are further apart or something I remember seeing those graphics in school lol
asdfcrow t1_j67mgn2 wrote
not more matter, the milk’s molecules are converted to gas molecules by chemical reaction, prob part of the bacteria growth/fermentation process, gas molecules want to be farther away from eachother than they did as liquids, and this was definitely the case here, because the molecules once converted to gas create pressure inside the bottle, the more milk molecules that the bacteria eats, the more gas is created, and the more pressure is built up inside the bottle until the seal breaks.
wizwaz14 t1_j67mewj wrote
Reply to ELI5: How does ChatGPT work? by Zurbinjo
Deep learning neural networks. Imagine that you trained a computer to work like a human brain - taking in information and learning based on that information. Now imagine that brain can be trained on billions of pieces of information and make conclusions and responses based on those billions of pieces of data. That’s essentially what it’s spitting out.
Way over simplified but that’s more or less how it does what it does.
The_Truthkeeper t1_j67mcy7 wrote
Reply to comment by SpermWhaleGodKing in ELI5: how did my bottle of milk explode? by SpermWhaleGodKing
Exactly, gas takes up more space than liquid.
suvlub t1_j67rx5o wrote
Reply to Eli5: if cardio makes the heart stronger by increasing heart rate and blood pressure, why do energy drinks damage it? by CrammedMeat
Part of the reason is that during exercise, vessels leading to muscles also dilate, so the blood has somewhere to go and there is less stress on the cardiovascular system than if heart rate is increased in vacuum.