Recent comments in /f/explainlikeimfive

Yavcho181 t1_j67rvux wrote

Your brain has little slots called receptors (in this case they are called CB1 receptors) . Your brain uses lipids that can bind to the cb1 receptors causing you to feel hungry. THC found in weed binds to the CB1 receptors in your brain "tricking" you into feeling hungry.

My partner is a nursery worker and wrote this based on my ' too scientific for a five year old' description.

"Your brain is a puzzle. The weed copies matching pieces. When brain and weed pieces join together, it makes you hungery."

Your brain can naturally complete this puzzle when you need to eat however weed can complete it without your brain's permission.

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jsveiga t1_j67rtrg wrote

ChatGPT is a language model that uses deep learning to generate human-like text. It is trained on a large dataset of text and uses a variant of the transformer architecture called the GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) architecture. During training, the model learns patterns and relationships in the text data, allowing it to generate new text that is similar to the training data. When the model is used for generating text, it takes a prompt (a starting text) and generates a continuation of rhat text. The quality of the generated text depends on the quality of the training data and the complexity of the task.

In more eli5 terms:

ChatGPT is a computer program that can talk like a person. We teach it by showing it lots and lots of talking, like in books and on the internet. It learns how people talk and then it can talk like a person too. When you ask it something, it uses what it learned to try to say something that makes sense. It's like when you learn new words, you can use them to talk better.

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chrischi3 t1_j67oq01 wrote

Yes. For one thing, aluminium is one of the most common elements on Earth. Secondly, while it's a lot of effort to refine (In fact, before the industrial revolution, it was so expensive that Napoleon had aluminium tableware to flex on everyone who could only afford gold), aluminium, like most metals, can just be melted down and reused.

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SoulWager t1_j67omm0 wrote

Lets say you have a chunk of cold air at sea level. The sun heats up the air near the ground by hitting the ground first(regular visible light just passes through the air instead of heating it). The increase in temperature causes it to expand(the weight of the air on top of you isn't changing, so the pressure stays the same for the moment.) Now your chunk of air is less dense than the surrounding gas, so it starts to rise.

The higher up you go the lower the air pressure, so your chunk of air expands even more, pulling heat out of the evaporated water it absorbed near the surface(which condenses into clouds and rain).

High up in the atmosphere it's cooled down a lot from expanding, but it still hasn't actually gotten rid of the energy it absorbed from that sunlight, it does this by radiating infrared light off into space, cooling off even more before it starts to sink back to the ground to start the process over.

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BitOBear t1_j67ojcb wrote

The bile expressed from the common bile duct is a caustic base that your body produces to neutralize your stomach acid. One of the main reasons your stomach produces acid is to unfold the pepsin that your body uses to dismantle proteins. (It's the chemical that tastes like ashes and burns your throat for a long time when you vomit. It's produced in an inactive folded configuration so that it doesn't destroy the cells that are making it, and needs a strong acid to unfold and activate.)

With extreme gastric distress your ilium closes and only the bile passes through the intestines. This leads to the yellowish burning bile-enriched excrement you experience when things get very ugly.

It's all very chemical.

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Adghar t1_j67nhc0 wrote

Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), which ChatGPT make use of, are simply the science of statistics being applied heavily.

If you take a sample of 10,000 English sentences, you expect to encounter certain patterns. Maybe 3 of the sentences have "rock" after the word "the," maybe 15 of the sentences that contain 6 or fewer words contain "I." Depending on how frequently these patterns appear, you can make predictions; if 9,996/10,000 of those sentences have "rock" after the word "the" and you're given the word "the," you can predict that you should follow it with "rock."

Now take this principle and scale it up greatly with the most sophisticated pattern-finding levers the company could come up with for the program. Feed it examples of countless oceans of language in different contexts associated with different prompts. It's then a matter of calculating based on each model and coming up with the most probable word that should follow the previous word given the entire context (your question, the sentence, the paragraph, the conversation). At that point, you can reasonably expect the program to "act like" whatever the training data was. And the training data was well-labeled and captured across many contexts, allowing the program to feel intelligent.

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poo2thegeek t1_j67nbsu wrote

Chat GPT is a form of deep learning model, which is a subsection of a machine learning model. A machine learning (ML) model is one in which the decisions the model makes are based off a ‘training’ step rather than being physically encoded.

A simple example is a model that tried to distinguish between different breeds of flower. So, you give this model some information about each flower (petal length, colour, etc) as well as a ‘truth label’ (what a flower expert has said that flower is).

The model takes these numbers as inputs, these inputs are multiples by a set of numbers, have some numbers added to them, and then get passed to the output, and some value is decided as a cut off (eg, if output >5 it’s flower A, otherwise it’s flower B) If the model is wrong, all those numbers get changed a little bit, in a process known as stochastic gradient descent.

In a deep learning model, the inputs are multiplied, and then passed to a ‘hidden layer’ of nodes (often called neurons). Then these numbers are again multiplied by another set of numbers. This keeps going for multiple layers until you get to the output layer.

This is an over simplification, but is the basis of how things like chatGPT work. They simply look for patterns, and output the next word based on what they think matches the pattern.

What makes chat gpt pretty powerful is (mostly) it’s size. It contains 175 billion of those numbers that have to get updated while training, and so takes a long time + is very expensive to train

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dont-YOLO-ragequit t1_j67n21x wrote

The problem with no 3 is coward cops who are already playing the stats to avoid responsibility.

There are already known cases of Cops purposely taking the long road to incidents to be second on scene and avoid paperwork. There are also cops who don't want to intervene as they are under investigation and there is the "blue Flu" where cops en mass use their PTOs to skip civil unrest days.

The worry here is too many bad cops trying to keep a clean file by never being there while the good ones burn out from always leading interventions.

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wades39 t1_j67n1yc wrote

ChatGPT is a modified version of another AI language model, called GPT, made by OpenAI.

While the exact technical details aren't available, we do know it's a complex language model trained on a vast data set of written word. There is also some component to the training that teaches ChatGPT what appropriate responses to prompts look like, so that it can work in a chatroom context.

In more ELI5 terms, it's a program that was designed and trained to learn how language works and how to respond to prompts.

When you send it a message, it does a large, complex calculation to make a good response to your message.

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asdfcrow t1_j67mgn2 wrote

not more matter, the milk’s molecules are converted to gas molecules by chemical reaction, prob part of the bacteria growth/fermentation process, gas molecules want to be farther away from eachother than they did as liquids, and this was definitely the case here, because the molecules once converted to gas create pressure inside the bottle, the more milk molecules that the bacteria eats, the more gas is created, and the more pressure is built up inside the bottle until the seal breaks.

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wizwaz14 t1_j67mewj wrote

Deep learning neural networks. Imagine that you trained a computer to work like a human brain - taking in information and learning based on that information. Now imagine that brain can be trained on billions of pieces of information and make conclusions and responses based on those billions of pieces of data. That’s essentially what it’s spitting out.

Way over simplified but that’s more or less how it does what it does.

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