Recent comments in /f/explainlikeimfive

K-Ryaning t1_j6gs8q1 wrote

Ideally therapy is to help you find and open the right metaphorical door to help you on the path to achieving your goal. Sometimes people can't discover the right path themselves or the root of the problem they're trying to solve and good therapists help to identify where problems might stem from, or ask you the right questions to get you thinking about your path in a different way or from a different perspective, to try to shed some light on the next best step to take for your own journey

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Not-your-lawyer- t1_j6grshj wrote

Everyone knows the "five" senses, but in reality, humans have a lot more than five.

One of those senses is called "proprioception," the ability to know how your body is positioned (and moving) without other inputs (like sight). Oversimplified, proprioception is essentially the brain's communication with the nerve endings that connect to your muscles (e.g., motor neurons).

But your senses are not fully developed at birth. Your brain has to work out the signals it sends and receives and build those up into a structured system. "When I receive these signals, my hand is here. Those signals, my hand is there. These other signals..." etc... The process of building that communication between your brain and your motor neurons is building "muscle memory."

Something that makes it a bit clearer is to think of hitting a growth spurt. Your sense of position, the interaction between your brain and body, is unchanged, but your body is now taller (or stronger, or missing a limb, or supplemented with a mechanical prosthetic...) so your brain's trained response doesn't match what you actually want your body to do, and you have to re-learn and adapt your brain's connections to your new body structure.

And to do that, you have to repeat a motion again and again and process the results, refining your movement to match your intent. Eventually, after enough repetitions, your movement will be more consistent. Perhaps even habitual. And that's muscle memory.

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its-a-throw-away_ t1_j6gr5iv wrote

Compress a gas and it heats up. If you dump that heat somewhere, then decompress the gas, it gets very cold. Run this cold gas through your fridge and it absorbs heat from the air and food inside. Recompress the gas, dump the heat and repeat the cycle.

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Tdshimo t1_j6gqyjh wrote

When you compress a gas - say, a volume the size size of a beachball and it squeeze it into a volume the size of a golf ball - also condenses all of the heat that was in the gas in the beachball into the golf ball size. This makes the compressed golf ball volume hotter than when it was the size of a beachball. If you cool the golf ball down to room temp using a fan, then release that gas back into the beachball, the beachball will be much colder than room temp.

That’s how refrigeration works, in principle. In practice, the gas is a special gas that works more efficiently than air, and the process of compression-cooling-decompression runs in a continuous loop (as long as the compressor is running).

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sharrrper t1_j6gqx1y wrote

I said hard, not impossible. I have no doubt there are individual places that have had difficulty getting a well going. That doesn't change the fact that most of the time you can drill wherever and likely hit something. Historically speaking especially.

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Seated_Heats t1_j6gqpeq wrote

Anheuser Busch did this a few years back. Hired a new CEO he slashed and cut departments and budgets, showed the shareholders how much more profit they had, took his bonus and left. New CEO came in and had to refill necessary positions that were cut by the previous regime.

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YellsAtGoats t1_j6gqgot wrote

If you have a gas under pressure and you release the pressure, the gas cools down as it expands. So the refrigerator has a setup whereby it compresses a bunch of gas in a part of the system outside of the fridge, and depressurizes that gas in a part of the system inside the fridge. So, heat is released outside of the fridge and the inside of the fridge is allowed to get very cold. The fridge will have a thermostat that determines when to run or when to stay idle, so that things don't get too cold.

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jrhooo t1_j6gqfwb wrote

> The British called the capital of China "Peking"

Also worth noting, a lot of slightly "off" spellings/pronunciations of Chinese are just transliteration problems.

Basically, if some other country (like China) has words not in your language, that don't even have a "correct English spelling", because that country doesn't use an English alphabet, better yet doesn't even use a phonetic alphabet,

then all the "English spellings" of those words are just someone coming up with their best attempt to write something that tells English language speakers "it sounds like this."

Now, someone important at some point will try to come up with a whole system that doesn't JUST spell out words, but spells out in general "ok if it has this sound, we'll spell it like THIS."

Way back when, some British guys, a Mr. Wade and a Mr. Giles, came up with a system like that, and it caught on, and the world (or the English, which close enough) adopted the "Wade-Giles" system of spelling Chinese words.

Unfortunately, Wade-Giles honestly isn't that great. It has some spellings that don't do a great job of telling you what the words actually sound like. Which is why many years later someone came out with a newer (IMO better system, Pin-Yin)

But some examples of weird spelling,

A sound the most English speakers would associated with B they chose to use P, thus "BeiJing" being mis-transliterated as "PeiKing"

Another infamous one, the sound most English speaks would associated with "Ch" or maybe a Soft Q, Wade Giles chose a Ts. They also chose a T to represent what most modern speakers would associated more with a medium D.

Thus "TsingTao" beer, brewed in a place that is actually spelled QingDao and both the beer and place are more accurately pronounced as "CHing-Daow".

Also on that same Hard T should be a medium D, that's why the Rap group "Wu Tang" clan is named after the kung fu (gung-fu) movie representation of the "Wu Tang" temple that should actually sound more like "Oo Dang"

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thecaledonianrose t1_j6gqc73 wrote

Not true. I've worked at houses where five different wells were drilled to 1500 feet and never got more than 0.10 gpm flow rate in any of them, which isn't really enough to support a home. That's when you get into the complicated stuff - a system that draws from each well to a point, creating a storage reserve, switches that sense lack water and turn off so the pump motor doesn't burn out.

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spudmix t1_j6gq4z8 wrote

Gasses heat up when they're compressed (squeezed) and cool down when they expand. If you push gas around in a loop, and you have half the loop set up so that it compresses the gas, and in the other half you expand it, you'll have a loop with a hot side and a cold side.

Refrigerators work by using a loop like the one I described above. They put the cold side in the box and the hot side outside the box. Because the cold side is colder than the food and air inside the box, it absorbs some heat. That heat moves with the gas to the hot side, and because the hot side is hotter than the surrounding air it expels some of the heat it's gathered, cooling the gasses again.

Continuously moving heat from inside the box to outside the box means it stays cold and keeps your food chilled.

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mb34i t1_j6gq41s wrote

By itself, heat energy goes from an object with high temperature to an object with lower temperature.

Refrigerators have to pump heat backwards, from low temperature inside to higher temperature outside. They do this by exploiting a behavior that gases have, if you compress them they heat up, and if you let them expand they cool down.

So the refrigerator compressor compresses the gas to high pressure (and very hot), and then a fan is used to blow room-temperature air at the radiator containing this hot gas, to cool it down to room temperature. The room where you have the refrigerator gets hotter as a result.

Then inside the pipes in the refrigerator, the gas is allowed to decompress. The gas goes very cold as a result, and a fan inside the refrigerator blows air inside the refrigerator compartments over the very cold pipes, chilling the inside and warming up the pipes.

Then the gas is compressed again and the whole process is repeated.

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