This is a tricky one, but I'll try to keep it simpler. I'm not certain that what I'm about to say is 100% consistent with the math of relativity, but it's reasonably close enought to at least understand why time dilation occurs.

With that out of the way:

First, the speed of light is not really about light. The fact that light travels at that speed is a consequence of the nature of photons. The speed of light is the ultimate speed limit of the universe - you could call it the speed of causality more accurately. In fact, in a sense everything travels at the speed of light - that might not seem accurate, but I'll explain more in a little bit.

Second, what is speed? It's how fast something is moving in a particular direction. All movement is directional - you don't just arbitrarily go fast. You travel along a path. Typically, we think of this path as three-dimensional. If you're flying in an airplane, for example, then relative to a stationary object, you're moving upwards at a certain speed, to the left or right at a certain speed, and forward at a certain speed. Add those together according to some relatively basic math, and you have your overall speed and direction of travel.

Third - what I just explained isn't actually correct, because it ignores something rather huge that all of us take for granted - time. You see, we don't travel a three-dimensional path. We travel a four-dimensional path. And that fourth dimension is time. For most objects traveling at the speeds most humans deal with, time is actually the largest part of our velocity. That's why time seems to pass at the same rate at the scales that you're used to dealing with - the differences between your time velocity and something traveling at 60 mph is so miniscule that it's impossible for a human to notice it.

Fourth - remember how I said everything travels at the speed of light? Well, that's why time dilation is a thing. Your total velocity through four dimensions must remain constant. So if you are traveling through space faster, then the only way for you to do that is to travel through time slower. So as you speed up, your experience of time slows down. However, because you have mass, you can never actually reach the speed of light. What happens instead is that as you get faster, the extra energy actually makes you more massive.

Incidentally, because photons travel at the speed of light, they don't experience the flow of time. From the point of view of the photon, its entire lifespan (from the moment it's emitted until it's absorbed by another particle) passes instantaneously and simultaneously. This happens because photons don't have mass, and so their velocity in the "time" dimension is 0.

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This is an anti-drip feature. The carafe is placed on a heating plate to make sure the coffee keep warm. But if you remove the carafe while there is still a tiny bit of liquid going through the filter the last drops of coffee will drop down on the hot plate making a foul burning smell. To prevent this some coffee makers add an anti-drip feature which shuts off the flow of coffee through the filter when you remove the carafe. Some are automatic and will only be open when the carafe push it out of the way and some are manual allowing you to better control the speed of the extraction. However make sure to clean the anti-drip system regularly as it often gets pieces of dried coffee in it preventing it from sealing. So a dirty coffee maker may drip even with an anti-drip feature.

Computers technically don't "need" a GPU. In fact, early home computers didn't have them. The American NES and Japanese Famicom game consoles were one of the first to have GPU's (then called the PPU).

The main advantages of this are…

1.) The GPU can process graphics information while the CPU handles other tasks, speeding up processing by acting as a digital carpool lane. In systems without this, programmers had to decide how much of a program's processing went to executing code, and how much went to graphics and sound. Time spent on one of these was essentially taken away from the other two.

A common side effect of this is that older programs (particularly games) would frequently only use part of the screen, since fewer pixels or tiles meant less time needed for processing. Some early games on, for example, the Atari, would even remove lines on the left and right sides to further reduce graphics requirements.

2.) Because it only handles graphical data, the GPU can be optimized in ways the CPU can't, allowing it to perform these calculations much faster than simply having, say, a second CPU running. This comes at the cost of being inefficient at, or even unable to perform, other calculations.

I remember reading a webpage/blog post where a 3D render was 30× faster when done with the GPU vs the CPU. This was ten or fifteen years ago.

TL;DR? It allows more data to be processed at once, and optimizes the processing of the particularly complex graphics calculations.

Just eat beaver all day long. My wife told me it was OK

No no. This is a good visualization.

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The comments on the enzyme are correct. It can also be a low level allergic reaction, I have it with avocados

Also worth to note that most of killing in concentration camps started in 1941 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Solution) and even then it was hard to prove it because were no cameras everywhere like today, so it was word against word.
And most people tend to not believe scenarios that they are afraid of.

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No problem! :)

thank you so so so much. this clarified a lot. :)

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Indeed, I managed to not replace the office coffee carafe once, and hot coffee was spilled everywhere. 4/10, don't plan on doing that again.

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I’m curious, where did you perceive sarcasm in his comment ?

Productivity means different things in different contexts. The easiest way to see productivity is in something like a factory where they produce things. But in many fields productivity can be how much value you're extracting, i.e. how much money is this industry making. The assumption is, if you are charging X amount for something and people are actually buying it, it must be worth that much. This assumption is based on really old economic theory where if something is overpriced people wouldn't buy it and they'd be forced to make it cheaper to reach market equilibrium.

Another measure of productivity can be growth. We generally measure the growth of the economy based on money and jobs. How many jobs has this industry added, which can indicate they are producing more.

TLDR; To simplify, productivity can be a tier list. Are you producing more? You're being more productive. Are you making more money? You're being more productive. Are you adding more jobs? You're being more productive.

You say they can do both but then describe your console doing either. 1440p120hz is not equal to 4k120hz. 4k120hz is still a demanding ask.

German will stay, its far more complex than English, what means it is harder to learn, but you can express things that can never be spoken in English.

> but since its so fast you dont notice.

Ho boy is interlaced ever noticeable. When it first came out it was an upgrade but now if people watch interlaced content they will really notice how poor moving images are.

You have to think about us (and all other matter) as not moving separately through space and through time, but rather moving through spacetime.

On a ferris wheel, you are always moving at the same speed, right? However, the faster you are moving in the vertical direction, the slower you are moving in the horizontal direction, and vice versa. Your speed, the magnitude of your velocity, remains constant, rather it is the weighting of the horizontal and vertical components that make up that speed that changes with time.

Spacetime works the same way: Imagine a 4 dimensional analogue of velocity that tracks how "quickly" you move through spacetime. This quantity (rather unimaginatively named "4-velocity") is constant for all matter. In the same way as the ferris wheel, that means the faster you move through space, the slower you move through time. The magnitude of your 4-velocity remains fixed; it is only the weighting of the spatial components vs the time component that changes.

Humans are, relative to each other, effectively stationary: Nearly all of our motion through spacetime is, from any of our reference frames, through time. This is why we can, in daily life, treat space and time as unrelated quantities. u/DoctorKokktor's answer is a great example of how that breaks down in more extreme environments. If you ask why the universe behaves this way, we could point to the fundamental fact that the speed of light appears to be the same in every frame of reference, from which all the rest of this is derived. As for why that's the case, in physics the answer to "why" questions is always eventually "that's just how the universe seems to work".

One thing physics teaches you is that our brains evolved over millions of years to keep us alive on a cold, fairly small, low energy rock where nothing is moving very fast. The universe in more extreme environments is under no obligation to make sense to our extremely limited intuition

If inside the same space:

Let t be a real number running from 0 to a(ge of universe). We contract space to a point inside itself by sending each vector v at time t to (a-t)·v. So at t=0, v is wherever it should be, and at t=a we get 0 (italic to denote it is the vector 0, not the number 0) regardless of v. And in-between, it moves towards that inevitable 0.

This does not "jump" (it is continuous), but from an external view, v does move with speed |v|/a (with |v| the distance of v from 0) all the time. So points far away move arbitrarily fast, similar to how some parts of the universe move away from us faster than the speed of light. But "locally", so if every point only observes those close to it, points have almost the same speed and direction. So within a close bubble, the rest of space moves only slowly.

Now we have the issue that the real universe is not contracting/expanding "within itself". This requires some slight fixes and makes the calculations a bit more ugly (hence why I did the above first):

One should think about the universe at each time t as its separate thing: imagine the Universe as a planar flat thing; now draw a time-scale in another dimension (so we need 4D if we do the real thing); lastly, fix a random point B ("Big Bang") at distance a from U and draw all the "rays" starting in B towards each point of the universe.

If U were a perfect circle, this gives you an actual cone, and this is indeed called the cone construction. Whatever U was though, one can now contract towards B in this cone(ish) thing we made as before.

Now that is still pretty far from what General relativity tells us, but I hope it explains how one can model such a thing.

Not really - there’s equal chance that there’s a long string of zero hits on any given letter as there is a chance of of weaving a thread and missing all correct answers with the same number of random guesses.

The largest reference frame is the CMB. There is no absolute reference frame which is a fundamental part of general and special relativity.

They are designed this way so that you can remove the carafe while there is still water percolating and dripping on the grinds without it making a mess everywhere. The alternative is that water would just keep pouring out without anything to catch it and that is just a waste of coffee and pain to clean up.