Recent comments in /f/explainlikeimfive
PastelFlamingo150 t1_jacsey2 wrote
Reply to comment by madbird406 in ELI5: Why is it that when fertilizers make their way into waterways, all the oxygen disappears, killing the fish? by Psychological-Dog994
Right. I'm asking if there is a way to avoid the dead zones by having something further up the food chain eat the algae before the bacteria rots them. Someone had suggested filter feeding shell fish.
M8asonmiller t1_jacsehy wrote
Hunter gathers probably spent a few hours a day hunting and/or gathering and the rest of their time sitting around a fire, processing their food, making and repairing clothes, telling each other what happened while they were out hunting, teaching kids how to make tools, and playing with dogs. They had to work very hard, and it wasn't idyllic, but it also wasn't constantly stressful. Facing down a charging mammoth or lion is something your stress response is perfectly equipped to handle. Going to your job every day and overworking yourself while you're sick because you can't afford to take time off and worrying about whether your paycheck will cover this month's rent and what you'll have to do if it doesn't is from an evolutionary perspective an outside context problem.
Beto4ThePeople t1_jacse84 wrote
Reply to ELI5: Why electric vehicles aren't equipped with solar panels on the roof so they can charge while moving or parking? by FullCloud
The simplest answer is that it has been done, but adding solar panels to the roof of a car would add about 3 miles a day in ideal conditions.
TheRealSmallBean t1_jacs5c9 wrote
Reply to comment by AnnonymousRedditor86 in ELI5: Why is it that when fertilizers make their way into waterways, all the oxygen disappears, killing the fish? by Psychological-Dog994
I’m in college right now to (hopefully) double major in political science and environmental studies, so that’s exactly what I want to be doing in the future!
[deleted] t1_jacs1ie wrote
TheRealSmallBean t1_jacrwg5 wrote
Reply to comment by PastelFlamingo150 in ELI5: Why is it that when fertilizers make their way into waterways, all the oxygen disappears, killing the fish? by Psychological-Dog994
I’m not sure if there is some animal that can “fix” it, but I know one of the biggest problems is that the lack of oxygen kills fish. If there’s an abundance of food, the fish will reproduce at rates that the oxygen in the water can’t support. It’s a good idea though!
Em_Adespoton t1_jacrtyg wrote
Reply to ELI5: Why electric vehicles aren't equipped with solar panels on the roof so they can charge while moving or parking? by FullCloud
Solar panels cost money, require additional assembly costs and time, and add weight.
There’s new tech that addresses the second two to some degree, but being new, it brings more of the first.
Loki-L t1_jacrnas wrote
Reply to ELI5 How did we figure out the order for PEMDAS? Like how do we know that that order is correct? by ToodlyGoodness
It is not something we figured out is ti something we decided.
We needed to find a way to write down something like first add two and three and then multiply that result by five. and we decided that (2 + 3) x 5 would be the best way to write that down.
We could have decided on another system but that one is useful in many ways with how numbers work.
The important part is that we all agree that what we write means the same thing.
The details are far less important than that we are all on the same page.
Lupicia t1_jacrh3e wrote
Reply to ELI5 How did we figure out the order for PEMDAS? Like how do we know that that order is correct? by ToodlyGoodness
Math is a language; written equations are like sentences.
"The man bit the dog" is just as valid as "The dog bit the man", but since we agree on the grammatical rules that when a Verb takes two cases the Object goes after it, which is "correct" depends on whoever the was bitten. If the man was bitten, the first one is incorrect and the second one is correct.
PEMDAS is the grammar of the equation. It's "correct" because it helps to all agree on what we mean. It clears up ambiguity.
Lirdon t1_jacrch3 wrote
Our stress response should be triggered for short periods. People who live in constant stress however, thats a significant issue.
novato1995 t1_jacr6bn wrote
Reply to ELI5: How can a 100GB game get an 80GB update and still be about the same size afterwards? by MissAJHunter
It overwrites the data just how saving your game on top of an existing safe file overwrites the previous one.
If the total size of the game file is a 100GB and the update is 80GB, then 80GBs worth of data is being replaced or over written with new/updated information.
SurprisedPotato t1_jacqvpl wrote
Reply to ELI5 How did we figure out the order for PEMDAS? Like how do we know that that order is correct? by ToodlyGoodness
PEMDAS is a convention, not a fact of mathematics. And it's not the only convention we use, it's just the most common one.
Because PEMDAS is the main convention used, people understand that 5 + 4 x 3 ^ 2 - 1 means "raise 3 to the power of 2, to get 9, then multiply 4 by that, to get 36, then add 5 and 36 to get 41, then subtract 1.
If we used "PEASMD" instead (nobody does), we'd have to write 5 + (4 x 3 ^ 2) - 1 to get the same result.
There are systems that don't need brackets, such as Polish (or Reverse Polish) notation, where you put the operator first (or last) and the things it operates on after that (or before that, for Reverse Polish).
So 4 + 9 would be + 4 9, and the expression I gave above would be
- + 5 x 4 ^ 3 2 1
Which means "subtract the result of + 5 x 4 ^ 3 2 and 1"
+ 5 x 4 ^ 3 2
would mean "add 5 and the result of x 4 ^ 3 2"
And x 4 ^ 3 2 would mean "multiply 4 and the result of ^ 3 2"
and so on
Patmarker t1_jacqp19 wrote
Reply to comment by DeepSeaHobbit in ELI5: Why is it that when fertilizers make their way into waterways, all the oxygen disappears, killing the fish? by Psychological-Dog994
The problem is that the algae can survive in the low oxygen environment, it’s sitting on the surface accessing air. It has a great time, living, growing and dying, while preventing anything else from living there.
tonysansan t1_jacqn01 wrote
Reply to eli5 What is the purpose of those little “I am not a robot” buttons. Can a robot seriously not detect and click them? by Lord-Zippy
This is a CAPTCHA. Its purpose is to make parts of a site harder to script than other targets. It’s not trying to stop all possible bots as much as the least sophisticated (and therefore most numerous) ones. Like much of cybersecurity, the point is to make things harder so that hackers look instead for easier targets. It’s a cat and mouse game between the bots and the CAPTCHAs, and companies like google making the latter have the resources to always stay a step ahead.
madbird406 t1_jacqiur wrote
Reply to comment by PastelFlamingo150 in ELI5: Why is it that when fertilizers make their way into waterways, all the oxygen disappears, killing the fish? by Psychological-Dog994
Eutrophication already occurs at these places, because of, again, overabundance of fertilizer runoff and plankton growth. They often create "dead zones" that cause marine life to suffocate when they pass through.
novato1995 t1_jacqeaw wrote
Reply to ELI5: why do dental visits in 🇺🇸 cost insured patients so much compared to medical visits? by FirstAd6848
Because dental work is surprisingly still considered cosmetic work and not essential health.
Patmarker t1_jacqduv wrote
Reply to comment by FakeLoveLife in ELI5: Why is it that when fertilizers make their way into waterways, all the oxygen disappears, killing the fish? by Psychological-Dog994
It’s the natural order of all things. Good conditions for any organism will allow it to reproduce and grow the population rapidly. They’ll then use up all the resources and go through a massive population crash, after which the population tends to recover towards a stable level.
einmaldrin_alleshin t1_jacq42c wrote
Reply to comment by ScienceIsSexy420 in ELI5: What's hard about copying photosynthesis or just using plants for power by No_Dust_5360
> Plants are more efficient in terms of energy generated per photon absorbed.
That is an incredibly misleading, since chlorophyl does not absorb all photons. It doesn't absorb any infrared, and is mostly transparent between 500 and 600 nm. So by that measurement, you're not counting about half of all sunlight that hits a plant. Silicon based solar may be less efficient per photon, but it absorbs everything from 800nm up to UV.
> but this could be fairly easily addressed when adapting the technology for a PV cell.
You mean DSSC cells? I suppose it's "easy" to demonstrate the effect in a lab under controlled conditions, but in real world applications, where they need to work for decades exposed to the environment, it stops being easy and becomes very, very hard. There's a reason you can't buy them.
They are also not projected to be more efficient than regular solar panels under sunlight, there's just hope that they might become cheaper.
CyclopsRock t1_jacq3oc wrote
Reply to ELI5 How did we figure out the order for PEMDAS? Like how do we know that that order is correct? by ToodlyGoodness
It's not a case of being correct or incorrect mathematically, in the same way that neither "library" nor "bibliotheque" is the correct way to refer to a building full of books you can borrow. They're different combinations of letters, but they represent the same thing.
If you make judicious use of brackets, order of operations becomes irrelevant. PEMDAS is just an agreement for how to interpret equations that don't make judicious use of brackets, and so it affects how we write them down, but not the fundamentals of maths itself - and water boils at the same temperature, whether you refer to it in Fahrenheit or Celsius or Kelvin.
AcornWoodpecker t1_jacps7a wrote
Reply to comment by georgecoffey in eli5 What is the difference between Iron and Steel? by georgecoffey
Maybe you're looking for an answer of how we know how much carbon there is in a particular bloom or billet.
When I smelt iron sand into a bloom, as it's called, there's varying degrees of carbon infused all over and through the bloom. I chop up the bloom and spark test the different pieces. Depending on how much carbon there is, the spark will look different starting from a short dull streak and gradually adding more and more forks in the spark until it looks like a mini firework and then back to long dull sparks and then short ones again.
In the early days, smiths and foundrymen probably didn't explicitly know it's about carbon content, but relied on feel and observation, the sparkly bloom makes the stronger sword etc.
Moskau50 t1_jacpgiq wrote
Reply to ELI5 How did we figure out the order for PEMDAS? Like how do we know that that order is correct? by ToodlyGoodness
We didn't figure it out; we agreed to a single order so that we can all communicate math effectively. This is the same way that we generally all use the English sentence form "subject, verb, object": I ate the bagel, you saw the fox, the car sped by us, etc.
Changing that order can introduce ambiguity: "Saw, you, the fox" is unclear who is doing the seeing. However, it can also be interesting in terms of drawing attention; look no farther than how Yoda in Star Wars talks. He uses a very different sentence structure, which is clear enough to not be ambiguous, but is also different. If everyone spoke like Yoda, we could still communicate effectively, even though the form of the sentences are different. So long as we all agree on how to speak, it works.
Likewise, if we did PASEMD, so long as everyone agreed to use the same order of operations, we could still do math. We'd have to change our current math formulas to match the new system, but the math is still correct.
StupidLemonEater t1_jacp6j6 wrote
Reply to ELI5 How did we figure out the order for PEMDAS? Like how do we know that that order is correct? by ToodlyGoodness
It's not correct, it's totally arbitrary.
It doesn't matter what order of operations you use, all that matters is that we all agree on the same order of operations. Otherwise two people will look at the same calculation and get different results. Neither result is more correct than any other, but we need to agree on one of them.
[deleted] t1_jacovyk wrote
Ithalan t1_jaconoj wrote
Reply to comment by SymphoDeProggy in eli5 What is the purpose of those little “I am not a robot” buttons. Can a robot seriously not detect and click them? by Lord-Zippy
Maybe, but as things are now, you only need to increase the amount effort it takes to send spam through your web/account registration form even a bit for it to be unprofitable for the spammer and make them try somewhere else.
If all websites worldwide were to one day have captcha on every webform that could be used for spam, then spammers might start to have an incentive to try and beat it, but right now it's easier and cheaper to just keep trying sites until you find one that is not secured, then send your spam through that until the site owner discovers it and stops you.
whomp1970 t1_jacsi3t wrote
Reply to ELI5 How are there graffitis in unbelievable/dangerous spots? by [deleted]
Prestige.
The more difficult a place was to reach, the more "street cred" the artist has. It impresses others in their artistic community. It lends an air of celebrity, it can make one infamous.
Some go to great lengths for this reason. Some plan such things weeks or months in advance. Many risk bodily harm, many risk fines or jail time, just for this prestige.