Recent comments in /f/explainlikeimfive
Chaotic_Lemming t1_jadbksx wrote
Reply to ELI5: How can CEOs/Officers/Execs/etc of a company buy their own stock it not be insider trading? by ksquires1988
Insider trading isn't illegal. Certain types of insider trading are. The main difference: illegal insider trading involves information not available to the public. A CEO can sell or buy stock as they please so long as they aren't tying it to info unavailable to the public.
Employees with over 10% ownership are considered insiders. They have to report stock sales of that company to the SEC within 2 days of a transaction. There is also a 6 month blackout after transactions. If they buy shares, they can't sell them for 6 months.
The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 put C-level execs under a lot of scrutiny and it still remains. The government has a strong interest in preventing another Enron from happening.
As with any law and/or regulation everything comes down to enforcement. And I'm sure there are plenty of execs that are willing to roll the dice on sliding a transaction by using privildged info.
alexmin93 t1_jadbgxw wrote
Humans are well adapted to short term stress aka fight or flight response. But we aren't evolved to deal with prolonged stress since reasons causing it don't exist in nature.
ColdDesert77 t1_jadayu4 wrote
Reply to comment by TheRealSmallBean in ELI5: Why is it that when fertilizers make their way into waterways, all the oxygen disappears, killing the fish? by Psychological-Dog994
Why do nitrogen and phosphorus cause algae?
dequincyjelly t1_jadavm6 wrote
Reply to ELI5: Why does the top left part of the Texas border appear straight edged and angled on maps? by Moggy-Man
Slightly off topic but i read the panhandle bit was taken off Texas when it joined as it was the dividing latitude for slavery being legal. That bit went to oklahoma eventually.
[deleted] t1_jadar27 wrote
greatdrams23 t1_jadajwv wrote
Reply to comment by segelnhoch3 in ELI5: Why does the top left part of the Texas border appear straight edged and angled on maps? by Moggy-Man
Same for kids if Africa and middle East
AxOwOtl t1_jadahrk wrote
Babies share blood with their mom, in the womb, Antibodies and other cells are already in the mom’s blood, and the baby gets some of them.
[deleted] t1_jadacvn wrote
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[deleted] t1_jadab1c wrote
Baktru t1_jada6s1 wrote
Reply to ELI5: How can CEOs/Officers/Execs/etc of a company buy their own stock it not be insider trading? by ksquires1988
Generally people with inside knowledge like that are quite limited in when and how they can trade stock in the very company that they are the leadership of.
The last time that I worked for a major public company, upper management could only trade stocks in anything through a specific broker, on a specific account known to the company. Trading stock in the company itself could only be done in specific time windows AND those trades were delayed by a month. All of this to prevent accusations of insider trading.
MadMunky5B5 t1_jad9zom wrote
Reply to ELI5: How can CEOs/Officers/Execs/etc of a company buy their own stock it not be insider trading? by ksquires1988
- Most high level execs receive their bonus in the form of stock option. A stock option is the option to purchase a stock at a price that is set(usually below current market at the time the option is awarded). They can exercise these options at any time because the price is set before they receive them and it is part of their compensation.
- When an exec(or some other person who has valuable insider information) wants to transact(buy or sell) on the stock they have insider info for they are generally required to announce their intention and the price at which they are selling several weeks in advance. There are also "black out dates" where they are not allowed to buy or sell, such as around earnings announcements(since earnings are a regular event that often has a big impact of stock price).
Slypenslyde t1_jad9yiy wrote
Reply to ELI5: How can CEOs/Officers/Execs/etc of a company buy their own stock it not be insider trading? by ksquires1988
It's not automatically insider trading for a person involved with a company to trade in its stock. This law has a lot of subjective leeway. But it IS true that it is HARDER for people in these positions to trade stock in their company without risk.
Oversimplified, you break the law if you have information that is not yet public that would likely affect other traders' opinions of whether to buy or sell stock. But it's sort of time-sensitive and it's easier to get in trouble for short-term decisions than long-term ones.
So a CEO who sells their stock immediately before a bad quarterly earnings report? They'll likely get in trouble. A bad earnings report usually motivates people to sell. However, even if they sell 10 seconds after that report goes public, THAT is fine because now the information is public.
What if the CEO knows that next year a super-secret project is going to release and starts buying in advance? This falls much more on the subjective side of the law. It's harder to argue that if it were known a super-secret project will happen next year that investors in general would invest in the stock today. And there are still chances that between today and next year, things happen that cause the project to be canceled. So this scenario is much more grey area.
So people have a lot of strategies to avoid this. One is to announce projects to reduce how much "secret" knowledge you're leaning on. Another is to buy and sell large amounts of stock on a schedule, so you can argue you're following a pattern and not basing the decision on product announcements.
A problem with it being so subjective is it can look like a lot of times rich people get away with something that less rich people might get busted for. It's a different discussion entirely, but it's more likely that very rich people will employ lawyers and accountants who work together to assess their risk of insider trading charges whereas less wealthy people are more likely to go on their own thoughts.
greatdrams23 t1_jad9pur wrote
Reply to ELI5: If the tongue can only taste five basic flavors (sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami), why isn't it possible to create any flavor by mixing those five together in precise combinations? by bokbokboi
Texture and colour are very important. And temperature.
Most people think red and white wine taste different, but in tests, blindfolded people cannot tell the difference when the temperature is the same.
Cooked food tastes different when it has gone cold.
Texture of biscuits, temperature of ice cream, sogginess of cereal all count for a lot.
[deleted] t1_jad9d7w wrote
RIP_Sinners t1_jad92hn wrote
Humans are very good at dealing with stress, especially when you compare to other animals. Looking at you, giraffe.
However, large parts of human society is actually built on the assumption that, by and large, humanity will rise to the challenge. We push everything to its limit, then pick up the pieces and make adjustments when it breaks. Why? Because that's what the previous winners did, and we are all descendants of winners.
Of course, some won bigger than others...
Xcoblob t1_jad91xd wrote
The wall is plasterboard with a thin coat of plaster to make it look nice. Or a brick wall with a thicker coat of plaster to make it look nice.
If you didn't have the skirting then the joint between plaster and floor would have to be absolutely incredible to look nice. Probably double the time it takes to do the job.
Easier to cover the shabby looking work with a plank of wood. Same with coving.
tmahfan117 t1_jad88gh wrote
They hide the fact that they didn’t perfectly cut the floor boards or the drywall so there’s a gap in the corner. Making things look nicer.
But functionally yea those small boards are just for looks.
Not you CAN get skirting that is actually meant to protect the wall by creating a buffer space, like keeping a cart or something like that from scratching it, but that’s much larger.
PrionBacon t1_jad6v7m wrote
Reply to ELI5: Why was Chinese culture so influential throughout all of East Asia particularly Japan and Korea? by astarisaslave
It's easy to spread culture when you have a lot of people. But those people all need to be fed. China has one of the most fertile farming regions in the world. Many of the rivers from the Himalayan mountains deliver nutrients east through China, providing great farmlands. It's why China currently has the world's largest population. On the other side of the Himalayas, India enjoys the same benefits which is why it has the second largest population.
The other East Asian nations simply could not produce as much food. Korea is on a mountainous peninsula in the colder north. Japan is an island nation. Southeast Asia is a tropical jungle.
Korea and Southeast Asia "embraced" Chinese culture when threatened with China's large military. Japan took elements of Chinese culture through exchange and trade but it didn't stop China from trying to invade.
Sad-Carrot-4397 t1_jad6swi wrote
Reply to comment by Gnonthgol in eli5 What is the purpose of those little “I am not a robot” buttons. Can a robot seriously not detect and click them? by Lord-Zippy
It’s also IP address, after I set my VPN to anywhere I get every single captcha
Sad-Carrot-4397 t1_jad6i95 wrote
Reply to comment by Spirited-Mountain-65 in eli5 What is the purpose of those little “I am not a robot” buttons. Can a robot seriously not detect and click them? by Lord-Zippy
When the smartest AI is smarter than the dumbest human, captchas will have to make a tough choice
dmomo t1_jad6am8 wrote
Reply to comment by Gnonthgol in ELI5: How can a 100GB game get an 80GB update and still be about the same size afterwards? by MissAJHunter
And it's worth noting that it doesn't mean the skin itself has to change for the file that contains it to change.
chefranden t1_jad5dqz wrote
Reply to comment by nmxt in eli5 What is the purpose of those little “I am not a robot” buttons. Can a robot seriously not detect and click them? by Lord-Zippy
Seems like one could just teach the robot to move like a human.
blipsman t1_jad5691 wrote
They cover up uneven cuts on partial flooring boards, tile, etc. along the edges of a room.
AetherialWomble t1_jad52zv wrote
Reply to comment by MrJTM in ELI5: how does rendering a video game resolution above your monitor resolution make the picture more crisp? by ItsSnowingOutside
With a 1hz screen, screen tearing would be the least of your problems:)
HaAnotherLlama t1_jadbr8f wrote
Reply to comment by [deleted] in ELI5: How can CEOs/Officers/Execs/etc of a company buy their own stock it not be insider trading? by ksquires1988
lol