They are capillaries (like small veins) which are cushions that help with controlling your poo.

They can become swollen, which is a disease, also called Hemorrhoids after the structures in your anus.

The swollen hemorrhoids can be either insane or outside of your butthole.

When they are internal, you can get bright red blood in your poo, but no pain.

When they are external pain and swelling is noticeable around your butthole. This can make sitting down uncomfortable to painful. External ones don't usually bleed, but can. When they heal, they can leave behind skin tags.

Constipation, sitting on the toilet too long, and diarrhoea are common causes. Also pressure in the abdomen causes them, so they are very common in pregnant women.

Normally no treatment is needed and they will clear up in a few days. Drinking plenty of water and eating plenty of fibre will be useful. In extreme cases, medications and even surgery may be necessary to resolve them.

When we think about sex, our pupils dilate (test it in the mirror). Putting belladonna in your eyes may make other people think you are giving them the "fuck-me" look ;)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8GVSuKkuLzY

While this video isn't a direct answer... It shows that you can have a lot of water in something that otherwise appears to be solid. Epsom Salts are about 53% water by weight.

I vaguely recall readig a claim that there are 2 sorts of dreams.

Supposedly, some are boring simulations of realistic simulations. Like waiting at traffic lights or eating meals.

While others are wild combinations of crazy factors (which probably have that 'dreamlike quality' to them).

The former ones are your brain practicing old scenarios, and the latter ones are imagination and preparation for new scenarios.

You get them in roughly equal amounts of time, but you don't always remember your dreams so your personal experience may be different.

I don't know where I read this though. It might be just an idea by a blogger, or it might be an opinion of a neuroscientist. (And even if it is the opinion of a neuroscientist, it might only an opinion/hunch of theirs, and I probably haven't remembered it 100% correct.)

[deleted]

Here's another tidbit for consideration. MSG is the salt form of Glutamic Acid, which is a nonessential amino acid. In this case "nonessential" means that we don't need to eat it because our bodies can make it by itself. it is essential to the production of every part of our body. That's why it tastes good: a good flavor is how our tongue tells our brain that "yes, we should eat this" (some exceptions apply).

So eating MSG is eating something that naturally occurs in your body anyways, which makes it very hard to pose a case that it's harmful.

Surface area, the area available for your stomach enzymes to attack to break molecules down, increases with the smaller a particle is.

So the more you masticate (chew), the smaller the pieces, the greater the surface area, and the easier time the enzymes have digesting the food.

MSG is actually recommend in low-sodium diets, because it contains less sodium than the salt it is often replacing; often by up to 40%.

But yes, you are right that it in and of itself does actually act as a source of sodium for the body.

Microbes use poison to prevent other microbes from taking over the lovely piece of filth they are eating. Many of these poisons are very sturdy and can survive acid. This is why you can't just cook rotten food and eat it, even if you kill all of the microbes the poisons they made stay behind.

It's overwhelming an opponent with too many arguments to respond to all of them accurately, regardless of the validity of the arguments.

Actual debate would allow your opponents to address each point before bringing in additional points.

Note that it's not about providing many sources, or many agreeing examples, but many different supporting arguments or points, "facts" etc.

Frequently Ancient Aliens uses this, a single story about one theory might have dozens of examples or narrated questions that are never really individually supported or even acknowledged again. Ex:"could it be that Stonehenge was the work of aliens? Are druids related to aliens? Is the loch Ness monster an alien experiment gone wrong?" All in a rapid succession without further discussion.

Gish galloping is a technique that takes advantage of the fact that it's harder to debunk something than to claim it.

In a face-to-face debate with real-time limitations, if you just make a whole ton of claims in a row, you force your opponent to waste their time trying to address every one of your points rather than making their own. That way, you both monopolise the time for amplifying your side and, if they miss or make limited responses to any of your points, you can then point to that and claim that you "won" the debate. That's the essence of a Gish gallop.

In an actual debate, both participants will get adequate time to both address their opponent's points and make and support their own.

[deleted]

Sometimes it does. Not always.
Though another aspect is the compounds of the molds and bacteria like the toxins they produce. Those don’t break down or not enough to help and are part of what causes issues.

> Also the research was more along the lines of "the sodium contained in msg does not contribute to raised blood/system sodium levels"

That doesn't sound very plausible. When MSG dissolves, it dissociates into sodium ions and glutamate ions. The sodium ions are exactly the same as the ions from, e.g., sodium chloride - they don't "remember" that they used to be attached to glutamate ions. And surely any MSG that you eat will dissolve pretty quickly as it goes through your digestive system?

The controversial health claims about MSG are that it has some other mysterious effect that makes people feel ill after eating it, in a way that doesn't happen with sodium chloride. Sometimes it is claimed that everyone experiences these effects, but sometimes it is claimed that only certain people are sensitive to it (which, of course, would be harder to rule out).

We don’t necessarily, it depends on the extent and type of bacteria causing the mould, your personal susceptibility to that bacteria, and indeed how your body handles exposure - such as digestion.

It is a bit of a misconception that mould is bad in absolute, but for the ease of removing obvious mould from food - such as cutting the mouldy bit off some generally un mouldy cheese - you may as well do it.

Perhaps we are in the same age regarding plastic

home viewers aren’t engineers. there will be a loss. at all steps. everywhere. expansion of the universe styles. even the top engineer within ranges will get maybe 90-99% and that’s at best case. now repeat that multiple times. it’s physics. when you re-record or retransmit something analog you lose. every time. in detail. in clarity, in absolute range. that’s a very long pipe from the cell to the analog tv set all steps included, and the art direction accounted for that.

and also, it’s way easier to instruct a girl in the paint department (how it was done then) to paint a solid color within the lines, from a specific color number, than to worry about how well they painted a subtle gradient. so yes, it was also partially so to the art production method as well.

so it’s an artistic decision driven by the technical limitations when even the BEST technician were working within an upper quality bound.

see the sister reply to yours in this thread. he was doing analog to digital with experts and they had to account for the fiddliness and that was a single step transfer.

[deleted]

[removed]

And maple syrup!

I agree.

[removed]

[deleted]

> Real numbers are those which can be represented on a number line. As per definition

That isn't really the definition of real numbers - it's just a way of thinking about them. Real numbers are usually defined in terms of sets or sequences of rational numbers (fractions) - you can google "Dedekind cut" or "Cauchy sequence" if you want the full details, but they're maybe a bit beyond ELI5.

> but if we don't know their exact precise value then how can we plot it?

On a real-life number line, we don't really know the exact position of any number, since we don't have any perfect measuring devices. We can use real numbers to model reality in approximate terms, but they don't correspond exactly to reality. For example, we know that there are infinitely many real numbers between 0 and 1, but are there are infinitely many points between two distinct positions in space? Nobody really knows.

[removed]