Only sensible comment on here so far

It is the optimal way for their head to be in movement the least amount of time. They move their body as far forward as they can before the head has to move, then move the head as far forward possible as fast as they can, and repeat.

Rabies is 100% preventable. It's very close to 100% fatal without the treatment.

So, basically, the high mortality rate is almost exclusive to people who do not seek treatment. As for why people would not seek treatment after being bitten by an animal, I remind you that people were refusing vaccines for a global pandemic they could see all around them.

Their eyeballs aren't as moveable as ours. In the birds you have mentioned, their eyes are also at the side of the head. Their eyes, food intake system (beak/mouth - wasn't sure of the correct terminology), airway and sinuses take up most of the head so they eyes don't have much movement. It's a bit of a look around - body catches up, look around, body catches up, repeat thing. Or it's a look around, not happy, retract the head and go the other way or fly away sort of thing.

Read the medical uses section of that page.

The immunity doesn’t last that long and people get it when they need it.

The only reason post exposure vaccination works, at all, is because of the long incubation time. Some people get exposed, think nothing of it, and the time to most effectively use the vaccine passes. Others may not readily have access to medical treatment.

Check out where humans die the most from it:

https://www.who.int/activities/improving-data-on-rabies/rabies-epidemiology-and-burden

Your comment is well outside the scope of the ELI5, but for those interested

> Oral rehydration therapy

in general, oral rehydration solutions should only be used when prescribed by a doctor.

Possible side effects include:

nausea vomiting weakness loss of appetite confusion severe thirst kidney damage

https://www.healthline.com/health/oral-rehydration-solution#risks-and-side-effects

Many thanks for the additional information. I think I will talk to my endo about this when I see her next.

Why are you in explainlikeimfive if you’re gonna get mad to explain like they’re five lol

Oral rehydration therapy, which contains sugar and salts, is more rehydrating than water.

Yeah, my Q5 TDI was not happy to have to start in -40F temps, but it did start. I let it idle for a good half hour, just to get the fluids going. The thing with diesels in the winter is that they are more efficient engines and don't run as hot as gas engines, so they take forever to warm up.

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After letting it sit idling for a half hour, I drove the 10 miles into town (we were staying in a primitive cabin in the middle of the woods) and by the time I got into town, my temp gauge had just started to move up. When I pulled into the gas station, it went right back down to zero. On the drive back, it barely moved.

The first time I tried I felt incredible (for a week), I also have insomnia and for that first week I felt energy I hadn't felt since my early teens. It was also quite freeing, I have a physical job and drive a lot for work and my bloodsugar was very stable even if the energy didn't last. The main drawback is you have to eat a lot to keep up calories, I ended up stopping after a year because I couldn't keep my weight up. Talk to your specialist team about it if you decide to try but so long as you can stomach eating tonnes of nuts and meat (though you need to be careful with the amount of nuts as one too many and you've got yourself the runs) it's worthwhile I think.

They are not. Snipers can shoot faster, more precisely, with more force and with less personal effort. On shorter ranges, handguns, machine guns and other rifles still outclass bow and arrow in those aspects. There is a reason archery isn't an important part of modern warfare.

Aspartame is safe unless you are injecting it in your paws

Hfcs and sucrose would not be used for diet sodas. Hfcs and sucrose both include fructose and glucose but sucrose includes a chemical bond that joins the fructose and glucose and hfcs doesn't include the bond.

If you’re on a Mac you can right click the file and select “convert image” and change it to a jpg.

Your desktop software (perhaps Windows Explorer), has a database where programs can store an association between a file suffix and a program so that when you double-click on a file, the operating system will use that program. The installer software sets that up. That has nothing to do with the file format — that’s a configuration option of the desktop software.

On MacOS classic, each file had a “resource fork”, which was actually a second hidden file (they exist in version of Windows too, but are mostly unused). The resource fork file contained a code to indicate the file type, and the preferred program to open the file (usually set by the program that created it). The file name was completely irrelevant unless a program was written to filter by name.

Modern macOS would check to see if there was an extension and look up in text files what programs could open them and what the user has as a default. If the extension wasn’t recognized, then it would open the file and read part of it and use that to look up what format the file was (UNIX’ file method). There, the file extension was only important if given, because it was understood to be used by the user to o specify how to sort the files and which programs to use to open it.

Changing the file extension doesn’t change the data inside. If you rename a .jpg file .gif, it’s still a JPEG. If you have a desktop environment configured to open both with the same image editor (say, Photoshop), then double-clicking on the file tells Photoshop to open it. Photoshop then looks at the first few bytes of the file to see what’s inside. If it’s JPEG, it uses a routine to load JPEGs, even if the file has the .gif file extension.

Different formats store information in dramatically different ways, but many programs are capable of reading all sorts of data formats. Sometimes they pay attention to the file name, sometimes they don’t.

I am also diabetic, and I've been pondering over going keto to help with insulin sensitivity and to simply cut down on carbs. I've read that keto diets for 'betics can be a good thing. Did you feel better on keto? Did you notice benefits?

Diet Soda is man made chemicals to "trick" your body in to believing you are consuming calories (and namely sucrose or everyone's favorite ... HFCS)

Trouble is, the mucous membranes (the things you "taste" with) ... AKA "taste buds ... They tell the pancreas to start producing insulin (ie. The hormone in your body that tells you cells to "wakeup and eat").

But, just like in "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" ... It doesn't take long for the cells in your body to start *ignoring" that alarm / warning that "food" (ie. glucose) is "on its way." They "learn" that the signal isn't really reliable ... So, they stop listening to it as much ... And start to really only wakeup when they're hungry.

This is called Insulin Resistance ... or ... Type II Diabetes.

Essentially, at that time, we need more and more garbage collectors at that time, as well as more garbage dumps. This manifests itself as cholesterol (garbage collectors) and fat (garbage dumps).

Eating better foods (nuts is a good example) helps increase the amount of stealthy or "thin" assassinators (aka good cholesterol) that is able to escape to the lower intestine via the liver ... The "garbage cops" (AKA bad or large cholesterol) still kinda help clear out the unwanteds in the blood, but they're too big to exit via the liver ... And eventually fall down and accumulate in strange places ... Otherwise known as heart attacks or stroke.

Water, it's just chill... It quietly slips in the front door without "alerting the staff" that they're walking in... If slides on down to the central gathering area, and is immediately allowed to come right in ... No problems.

^(And yeah, I could probably continue or expand and further "clarify" the analogy...)

When you taste something sweet, your body starts to prepare for an inrush of sugar. Some studies suggest this is just as bad for you as the sugar.

See: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/artificial-sweeteners-blood-sugar-insulin

Yes. I'm not educated in the matter but as far as I know insulin is necessary for energy to enter cells so without it carbs, ketones etc just float around in the blood doing harm where they go. This causes both a buildup of energy sources (like ketones that are acidic) in the blood as well as signalling the body that it is not getting energy. When this happens your body continues to break down fat to give you energy, which can't pass into cells without insulin, so it adds to the buildup. This vicious cycle continues until you finally get some insulin or the ketones become too acidic for your body.

I'm diabetic and I've gone high many times in my lifetime but never had ketoacidosis because I've not gone without insulin long enough for ketones to build up, the highs were caused by too much sugar not a lack of insulin. I've also been on a keto diet and had no problems.

Yeah no. SPSS recently defaulted to .sav files and is now the standard suggested program for me to open my emulation save files. Something went fucky along the way.

https://www.livestrong.com/article/504049-the-phosphate-levels-of-soft-drinks/

Appreciate that

No actually I'm more into intermittent fasting.. I'm just concerned if my weight loss is due to ketosis or merely because i have been low on calories.. I actually want to adopt IF as a lifestyle. So far I'm doing great

But once i reach my goal weight ill have to nake necessary changes to maintain it. And that's what concerns me.

Ive read, once into ketosis if you again change your diet with primary intake of carbs, you'll move into ketoacidosis.

Put simply, water is the most hydrating option available and helps the body restore itself after processes such as breaking down foods, breathing, sweating, and removing waste. While diet soda may boast zero calories and zero sugar, it doesn’t hydrate as well as water, and it increases the risk for a number of health issues including insomnia, tooth enamel erosion, and dizziness.

Although it contains zero calories and zero sugar, diet soda contains plenty of other ingredients that can affect the body. Preliminary studies have shown tooth enamel erosion, glucose intolerance, and kidney disease to be associated with diet soda consumption

https://goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/diet-soda-versus-water-workout-and-winner/