Also, the internet speed of where you are downloading the files from matter. Your internet speed is likely always higher than the places you are downloading from.

The Fast Fourier Transform is an algoritm to do a Fourier Transform.

A Fourier Transform transforms data between de time and frequency domain, which gives anoter perspective on the data.

Imagine a simple trafic light:

In the time domain, the traffic light is first Green, then Orange, then Red in a repeating cycle.

At any given moment in time, you only see a single color, so looking in the time domain doesn't tell you anything about which and how many colors exist in the sequence.

By transforming this sequence into a frequency domain (the frequency/wavelength of the light), you will see 3 distinct peaks corresponding to Green, Orange, and Red.
In the frequency domain, you can imediately tell which collors exists, but you don't have any information about the sequence in time for these colors.

FFT is used for about everything:
In sound it detects individual notes in chords.
In images, it is used to detect all colors and intensities.
In data, it is used to detect patterns.
Etc...

There’s a Falun Gong billboard near where I live. I have no idea what it even means, do you have anything to support your claims they’re cultists?

Its not downloading a billion bytes of data all in one go. Its downloading a patch. Then it has to uncompress the patch. This patch updates "cool_Level_12.dat" and replaces several textures and fixes a glitch where if you stand on a box in the corner you glitch through the floor. The patch has to copy the file, allocate new room for the updated stuff, then repackage/flow/defrag the file (maybe). So the individual patch for cool_level_12.dat was only 2.7MB, but the whole cool_level_12.dat is like 217MB. So that's a lot of file copying, decompression, compression going on. Now repeat that for all six thousand files that make up the game.

Now add in that perhaps some of the files being patched are operating system files, or are programs that are running. So, you update/patch the file. You stop the process that IS that file. You restart it (using the new version of itself). You check that it started/is working ok. You delete the old copy of itself (if you kept it.) If the new version doesn't start, you have to restore the old copy and restart the old version of itself.

All the 1 GB file depends on is a) how fast you internet connection can download the bits b) how fast your drive can store the bits that are received.

Often updates co e with single archive file and antivirus become really mad about it when it update multiple files.

So how was skipping leap years every century work in practice? Like when was the last time that happened and when will it happen next? I’m trying to work it out in my head but I havent had enough coffee yet 😂

....this is going to sound really stupid but never once have I ever actually realized wtf insulin is and that it, in fact, is a hormone.....welp my mind exploded just now.

Because when you download the file you’re not doing anything with it once the download is done. For an update file you’re downloading the update and then applying the update to existing files on the system which takes more time than just downloading a larger file and doing nothing with it.

Insulin is an hormone. Any anormal hormonal level is bound to have consequences. Here it's called hyperinsulinemia if you want to read about it.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinsulinemia

Are they not teaching this stuff in school anymore? I don't mean to be snarky, just curious.

this seems wrong, i feel like without hot water, i am smearing skin grease and oils around, not a lot but like, what your hands would generate in a few hours, and I assume germs can become infused with such congregations of detritus and with using cold water only, my hands feel waxy faster because they heat up to normalize after washing along with taking longer and probably not being as completely as effective as possible.

It doesn't have to be super hot water either, as long as it is above 80 degrees or so it becomes even more useful, below that and you might as well just suds up and wipe dry with a paper towel because you're not gonna convince your skin to let go of that microbial film.

Interesting. So we know the sugar being unable to be processed and building up in our body leads to diabetes, and the reason it can't be processed is due to the insulin resistance.

You mentioned that the body will try to provide additional insulin to attempt to "force the locks" in this example. Is there any impact from the excess insulin in our body? Or does it not build up the same way because it gets used (unfortunately unsuccessfully) when trying to process the sugar?

The Fourier transform is a way to analyze a waveform and determine the correct combination of pure sine waves and cosine waves that can be combined to re-create the original wave. Knowing the composition of an arbitrary wave in this way can enable all sorts of analysis and processing, including advanced signal processing.

The problem is that it's highly compute intensive, involving a sequence of integrals and so forth. In most cases, there are other analytic methods that are more practical than Fourier transform because of the work required.

In 1964, the Fast Fourier Transform was invented. It's basically a computational "trick" that replaces all those integrals with simple shifts and adds and subtracts. All of a sudden it became practical to use Fourier transforms in all sorts of ways that weren't practical before.

That video linked by /u/croninsiglos looks really good, off to watch it now.

Insulin is a key that open the cells doors for sugar to enter and be used as fuel.

In insulin resistance the keyhole is blocked.

The body thinks there is a lack of keys because cells are screaming for fuel and it knows there is fuel. So it makes more insulin. This works for a time, basically forcing the locks.

But if not controlled even the excess insulin is not enough anymore.

The body is flooded with sugar it can't use and it ends up with diabetes.

As to why the keyholes get blocked... why does anything else go wrong in our bodies? Sometimes it's genetics, sometimes it's environmental, sometimes it's a combination of factors (like the change in hormones and the weight gain from pcos).

Hm so insulin resistance is caused by diet. Is insulin resistance reversible with diet change then or is it kind of one of those things where the damage is done but diet change can mitigate it to a certain point? I've seen where it's been said diabetes can be reversed depending on the type of diabetes (not the type where you're born with it, only the type where you acquire the disease) and now I'm assuming since the two are linked that if you reverse insulin resistance that equally reverses diabetes? Not sure if that's an accurate way to look at that

No one really knows. It's kinda a black box.

People think they know how it works but then a Tesla goes and hits someone or a security bot kicks a kid.

There's this whole sub field about AI explainability that's gained traction in recent years.

Temperature effects of dissolving sugar (and table salt) are very small.

You deserve a bunch of upvotes for civility.

They really make lube (its not great), I'd assume they sell it in that size because it has some kind of secondary use. I know astroglide can be used in some sort of machining but unsure about water based

Gas molecules are light and fast molecules that can easily be bounced away and leave the liquid altogether. At low temperatures molecule speed is lower, so the gas molecules are less prone to do that.

Insulin resistance is a precursor to diabetes. Insulin rises and falls in response to blood glucose levels. Depending on what and how you eat, those blood glucose levels may not fall enough, and you can eventually put yourself in a situation where the amount of insulin needed to get your body to use blood glucose gets so high that your pancreas can no longer produce enough.

I’m really not sure what the hell you’re talking about lol. People need to be able to pass that test to become master somms. If you think the test is bogus that’s your problem. And if you’re asking for a peer reviewed study or something it probably doesn’t exist (which is the same for many facts we accept as true!)

It's like saying, little Timmy is 1 meter tall. Does that mean that Timmy's mom is 1.6 Timmies tall? Technically she is, but it's better practice to measure Timmy's family members in meters instead of Timmies, and say his mom is 1.6 meters tall.

GMT just happens to be UTC+0. They are "the same time", but one of them is the actual measurement tool (UTC), the other is the measurement value as measured by that tool (GMT); in the same way as a meter stick is the tool, and the 1-meter tall Timmy is the measured value.

Hi, this is area-adjacent to my doctorate, and will try to simplify as best I can

The actual imprint, shape, and color are specifically used to distinguish manufactured products, and have no bearing on how the drug works.

Now, as to size and coatings, thats a little more complex.

Multiple drug delivery schema exist, such as long acting / intermediate acting / short acting, delayed release, sustained release, abuse-deterrent, and so on. This is in addition to films or coatings designed either to protect you or protect the drug as it travels from your mouth to the stomach to the rest of the digestive tract.

Some drugs will become inactivated due to strong stomach acids, and thus are either coated or buffered to survive past that step.

Some drugs are specifically formulated to become active either in the acidic stomach or relatively basic small intestine, so the reverse to the above situation is also possible.

Other drugs do not become active until they are absorbed by the body and chemically acted upon by the liver.

Some drugs are so poorly absorbed from the digestive tract that they require such large doses just to achieve their desired effect, and you can recover upwards of the majority 70-80% in your poop, nevermind the specific anti abuse or long acting delivery vehicle showing up just like kernels of corn in the toilet bowl.

Size is a mixed bag, as the actual manufacturing process takes these drugs, often in powder form, extremely precisely and with likewise extreme accuracy adds it to fillers, anti caking agents, dry lubricants, and so on in order to create said tablet via industrial machinery. This applies to the vast majority of tablets and capsules.

Some of the long acting or sustained release formulations specifically dissolve slowly (or not at all!) and there is very complex math involved to make sure those forms release the drug in the right amount over the right amount of time

You made the claim, so if it really exists, there will be some evidence, right?

More than stuff written in an exam! In no part of any science in this world would that be acceptable evidence…