Recent comments in /f/gadgets

swisstraeng t1_iyk4au1 wrote

It's not the efficiency, but a different architecture. The main issue is that, all software made on windows wouldn't be compatible if you change the CPU architecture.

Yeah, all CPUs use the X86 architecture. Or more modern versions that are backward compatible.

Apple's M1 and newer CPUs are not using X86, instead they use the same architecture as our smartphones. Which is more energy efficient, but costs more to produce if you want the same computing power.

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Hattix t1_iyk3kz7 wrote

It's not going to happen, and why is a fundamental aspect of why AMD64 (x86) is different to ARMv7/v8/v9.

ARM gets parallelism at the instruction level (ILP), it has small instructions, very suited for out of order execution. A single thread can get a lot of parallelism, so the CPU doesn't need a lot of overhead to wrestle the ILP bear. The ease at which ARM (and some other RISC archs, like POWER) gets ILP is part of the reason why mandated parallelism in things like VLIW and EPIC didn't do very well: It just wasn't necessary.

AMD64 is very different, it has all that x86 baggage on it. Instructions have all kinds of modes, dependencies, tags, etc., and this makes them a lot more interdependent than ARM instructions are. So, pulling ILP out of AMD64 is a lot more difficult than ARM, and the CPU has to spend a lot more resource in doing it. Even then, it doesn't get the same degree of ILP ARM can achieve.

AMD64 gets more of its parallelism from TLP: Thread level parallelism. There's a reason all performance AMD64 processors from AMD and Intel support simultaneous multithreading (SMT/HyperThreading^(tm)), this is where most of their parallelism comes from. SMT shows a significant performance improvement in almost all cases, meaning execution slots are going spare when SMT isn't in use, which further means there isn't enough ILP to saturate the processor's capability.

This isn't usually the case on ARM, most ARM cores are designed to "race to sleep" and fill as much execution resource as possible. The CPU's awake and clocked up, it darned well better use that time as productively as possible, there's a power budget to worry about!

So, while-ever we're using AMD64, which will be more or less forever as far as the immediate future is concerned, similar performance on AMD64 will always need more power than it will on ARM.

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Dash_Lambda t1_iyjqdx7 wrote

I actually wasn't aware LTT did a video on Peltier coolers.

Just to clarify: Peltier coolers are heat pumps, they move heat from one side of the plate to the other. This means that like any other cooling system they don't generate cold, they remove heat. That must then be dissipated into the air by a more traditional cooler.

They're more interesting I think for power generation. The same principle is used to power the Mars rovers using a brick of plutonium (called a "radio-thermal generator"). It's really cool.

LTT more recently did a video on a piezoelectric fan. If you haven't seen it you should check it out, it's also cool.

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