The Soviet Union launched a number of bombing raids against Berlin in 1941 and 1942, by naval planes operating from Saarema island and by long range air force units. The last attack in 1942 involved 200 planes. The damage inflicted by the attacks was very moderate however and the Soviet planners decided their heavy bomber assets would be better employed against military targets closer to the front.

More on the Soviet bombing raids against Berlin

Shortly before the end of the war Berlin was again bombed by 111 Soviet planes.

They called themselves Roman and we’re a continuation of half the Roman Empire. They were Roman

Most of the Belgian army (around 137,000 men) retreated and then held their part of the Western front, the Yserfront until 1918.

Several thousand men fled occupied Belgium via the Netherlands to Great Britain where they registered with the Belgian recruitment agencies. From the spring of 1915, the Germans closed this escape route with a heavily guarded border barrier along the Belgian-Dutch border, based on an deadly 200V electric fence, called "De Dodendraad" (The Wire of Death) by the Belgians. Smugglers then specialized in transferring war volunteers, but their numbers still declined. Among the 33,500 Belgian internees in the Netherlands, fewer and fewer soldiers fled to rejoin the field army behind the Yser. In October 1916, the Belgian government finally forbade the internees to flee.

Because the Belgian front sector was protected by large inundations which made German attacks difficult it was a relatively quiet sector of the trenches with no large operations comparable to the great battles at Ypres, the Somme or Verdun. The Belgians did refrain from larger actions because they knew they could not replace their losses.

Did multiple populations come to bow and arrow technology independently? For example in North America and Europe.

Our historical narratives reflect how we think about the reasons for colonial annexations. Colonial empires did in fact often use some concrete pretext (a raid with European victims, piracy, a treaty violation, a trade conflict, picking one of the sides in a civil or succession war, etc) to decide to annex countries. Certainly if the area annexed was one that other colonial powers had economic interests in as well, or just generally to justify the cost of going to war to taxpayers. But we typically take those pretexts about as seriously as Hitler's story that Poland started it in 1939, and ignore them when summarizing colonial history.

The inability of nations of "uncivilized natives" to honour treaties, protect traveling Europeans within their borders, or keep their citizens from raiding over the agreed borders, immediately disqualified their existence in the eyes of Europeans.

Prior to the introduction of potatoes into Europe, what were the dietary staples of the majority of the Irish population?

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How did Belgian soldiers get to the Western Front?

The notion of the Byzantine emperor was invented as a disambiguation between two emperors in countries that were themselves in the sphere of influence of the "other" Roman emperor (replacing the even worse "Emperor of the Greeks"). They needed circumlocutions that avoided "Roman emperor" to avoid insult.

But do note that Carolingian empire is a similarly modern circumlocution. No contemporary would have called it that. In contemporary documents it is just the Roman Empire (Imperator Romanorum). So Western European historians have already "fixed" that issue of two emperors as far as I am concerned by inventing more neutral new terms for both of them.

how did the decimal system permeate human society and basically become the methodology used by every major culture in the world?

why was korea divided against itself, even before the korean war?

Did the Māori make return voyages to the Pacific Islands after colonising Aotearoa?

An interesting post but it feels like a weird racist post as well.

looks skeptical

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One of the big changes the 19th century brought in the wake of the French Revolution, was that we began to register everything. The concept of a census and people registers is an old one, but in modern history it became a standard operating measures of modern states. Everything is registered in modern states, when (and where) you are born, when (and where) you die, when (and who) you marry & everything in between and so much more.

So basically, you'd have an administrative footprint that allows you to compare.

Wow this is perfect!! Thank you so much!

how did they figure out the death toll in wars like WW2? essentially, how did they count how many died?

The Roman empire stood for over a thousand years. Of course the governments changed, nothing ever stays the same. People react and adapt to changing environment.

The Roman east was always Greek, even during the days of Caesar and Augustus the Eastern part of the empire spoke Greek.

I dont think proclaiming yourself a descendant of the Trojans means you consider yourself a greek.

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Are you talking about Tianenman Square?

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The idea that the Byzantines weren’t Roman is very West European centric. The Arab Muslims in the 600s went to war against an empire which still spanned most of the Mediterranean, and was recognizably the Roman Empire. The city of Rome would remain part of that empire until the 750s, and the Empire would survive in the old Italian heartland until the 1000s.

I think there is a strong case to be made that 1204 should be seen as the end of the empire as opposed to 1453.