How was the book on Orellana? I’m interested in learning about his expedition

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Did moonshine exist before the prohibition?

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I would check out the Digital Public Library of America: https://dp.la/

Although, I would assume their licensing agreement says you can use it if you leave the water marks on.

The other thing I would check would be various state's historical societies. Mine has a big digital collection. But, once again, I'm pretty sure they allow use of it for certain things but you have to keep the water mark and credit them.

I'm not sure how much stuff they have online, but there's also the National Television and Radio Museum. https://ncrtv.org/

Appreciated the recommendations! I’ll look into them.

>it’s why one of the Nazi symbols is that black cross as this is what the Teutonics wore

That's completely false. While it's true that Iron Cross is a reference to the Teutonic Knights it did not originate with the Nazis, it's a Prussian medal that dates back to the Napoleonic Wars. They used it because Prussia has its origins in the Order.

The Nazis used it because it's a German military symbol, but it is not associated with the Nazis in Germany (although it is in the West), it's still the symbol of the German Armed Forces and they still use it to this day on vehicles (here it is on a tankand here it is on an helicopter).

The short answer is that people did not knew the details and the scale but knew something really bad was happening to the Jews when they were sent East. German soldiers knew more since they were actors of parts of the holocaust, and knew that the death camps were a thing. As for what the average German felt if varied from person to person and is extremely difficult to tell.

For more specific answers this thread links to a lot of excellent answers.

I read Leonie Frieda's Catherine de Medici: Renaissance Queen of France and enjoyed it. It's a popular biography, but she does provide notes for sources (although she uses a lot of secondary sources rather than primary), but the pickings in English aren't the best, and she seems to be reasonably balanced in her views.

There's also Jean Heritier's Catherine de Medici, but it's older, published in the 1960s. However, might be worth a look (haven't read it personally).

Probably solid rubber tires, heavy gauge steel, these bikes would have weighted a ton, I’d imagine they had to hike them through a lot of stuff, and even with them being on wheels, pushing them up and over things would have been a lot of work.

>Are the German populace aware during WWII that Hitler was murdering millions of Jews on the concentration camps during holocaust?

Yes. The concentration camps were an extensive network of thousands of sites, each one of which took in prisoners far in excess of what it could hold, over the course of the war. Guards, soldiers, and civilians took photographs, sent letters home, and talked with their families about what was going on. The bureaucracy handling the Holocaust itself, dealing with prisoner transfer, administration, cataloguing the belongings of those murdered, etc, was also tens of thousands of people. It was an enormous effort, and everyone in Germany, at some point, witnessed part of what was going on. The Nazis were mostly careful not to expose exactly what was happening, because of their earlier experience murdering people in the Aktion T4 programme, which roused protests, but the Germans knew people were being murdered.

Even if it hadn't been common knowledge and gossiped about everywhere (the first concentration camp, Dachau, opened in 1933), many people uncovered evidence of what was going on in concentration camps relatively early in the war (Witold Pilecki sent out reports in 1940, for instance), and this was sent on to other countries, including the UK, which announced the existence of the camps, and their real purpose, on the BBC world service in 1941.

>if yes, did they support that event?

It's difficult to characterise the German attitude to the Nazi government, but most Germans never actively opposed anything the Nazis did. The vast majority of Germans simply 'went along' with it, even if they privately disagreed. German resistance to Nazi actions was very, very sparse. There is precisely one protest we know about. Antisemitism was practically a national pastime, which served to quell a lot of dissent.

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No more than any other. Better than most.

Are the German populace aware during WWII that Hitler was murdering millions of Jews on the concentration camps during holocaust? if yes, did they support that event? sorry for my bad English...

the assassination of Benigno Aquino III of Philippines which spark revolution and overthrew the dictatorship of the marcos regime

Would be interesting to see some suggestions on this. There are a few good books out there, but they are mostly focused on Putin and his regime.

Although set in the 19th century, I HIGHLY recommend you check out Bolivar: American Liberator by Maria Ariana.

Also recommend Last Days of the Incas by Kim MacQuarrie.

Would have loved to see a recommendation on this! If you find something, do let me know.

Hey there! A friend recommended you check out A History of Thailand by Chris Baker.

Thanks for the recommendation, definitely checking it out!

You may want to reach out to a local library. They may help out with the answer and better direct you to a digital archive.

Way to beat a dead horse

Not entirely, "the evidence suggests" is still the method. These researchers are making educated guesses based on the evidence they've found. I'm simply doing the same. For example, what's the chance that the researchers in the article found the very first horse to ever be bridled or ridden? The likelihood is that they found early evidence, but certainly not the earliest. The odds of that happening would be near non-existent. We have cave paintings of horses from 25,000 years ago, and we have cave paintings of animals from 80,000 years ago. Humans really haven't evolved much in that time. It's easy to underestimate primitive people, we do it all the time.

RIP paywall

Found several articles about the same subject. Here is one with no paywall: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-black-buffalo-soldiers-who-biked-across-the-american-west-180980246/