It's not like being Indiana Jones? Screw it!

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Because there is surviving historical record.

The 1600s were not as long ago as you think. People paid taxes. There were financial ledgers, and letters written, and paintings of significant things. And when the navy ordered an expensive warship there was certainly a contract with the shipyard.

It might seem like forever ago, but in the grand scheme it's pretty modern history.

And as well as records of when it was built, also records of how it was lost.

I wonder how old something has to be in order to be classified as a cultural relic owned by the state. How do you draw the line between "family heirloom great-grandpa gave me" and "artefact"?

I wish these articles would be more clear in specifying that Samhain is a Scottish Gaelic name. For all we know, the Celtic Picts (who inhabited Scotland/Caledonia and were more closely related to the Welsh and Cumbrians) would not have called it that or necessarily celebrated in the same manner.

Gauls is a better term, "French Celts" is a bit weird since the name France derives from the Germanic Franks and French culture itself is a Romanized one at its core.

That being said, I find it unlikely to have been from Gaul. "Halloween" is a very North American and UK-Ireland type of thing, not something you find in the rest of Europe. The rest of the continent celebrates All Saints' Eve without costumes or apple bobbing and whatnot, instead they go to mass and pay their respects to dead family members.

In France, Spain, Portugal (all areas formerly inhabited by Celts the Romans conquered), Halloween traditions like trick or treating and costumes are seen as Americanisation and foreign.

Would those Celtic territories celebrate Samhain in the same manner we think of? I think it's often understated that there was plenty of inner-Celtic diversity, for instance Irish and Scottish Gaelic are quite distinct from Welsh and Breton languages. The Romans largely only ruled over the Gauls, Britons, Iberians, etc. but never bothered with the Goidelic groups.

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Interesting story about how a mistress with four illegitimate children can include amongst her descendants the House of Stuart, the Hanovers, and the Windsors--and also connected to six U.S. presidents.

I went to school for archaeology. Eventually decided it wasn’t for me. It’s a fascinating field but actually doing it involves many long, hot days hunched over in a hole and scraping at dirt with a trowel. It’s grueling. I’m glad others do it though.

I'm curious how ship building tech changed from about 1400 to 1600. I have read that steel for tools improved much during that period especially big rip saws that could cut the hull planks so they can be edge joined (carvel).

Mjolnr was found?

Yeah, thats a big point to be honest. Sweden was mainly an inland sea. Danes had much more oceanic waters to handle. Also, the inclusion of British and Dutch navies screwing us both over to keep the balance was also a big help.

I believe it was also this. In spirit of collaboration, the Dutch did one side and the Swedes did the other. The unfortunate part was that the Dutch inch and the Swedish inch are slightly different which led to one side being heavier than the other causing it to lean too far to one side and take on water some few hundred meters from shore.

I am sorry to hear of your suffering..

The swedish navy has always played second fiddle to the swedish army.

Also, while the "örlogsflottan" (open water navy) frequently performed poorly the archipelago fleet (consisting of galleys, gunsloops and the smaller archipelago frigates) mostly performed quite well (like Frisches Haff, Nöteborg and the second battle of Svensksund).

Source is Krigshistoriepodden episode 123 so it might have been abused for effect.

Yeah, the source is Krigshistoriepodden episode 123 so I’m not surprised if it was generalised for effect.

If I recall, the designer (a Dutch master shipwright) was bedridden from illness during the Vasa's construction and his nephew or assistant took over the project. The ship ended more top heavy than it should had been, contributing to it's instability.

I'm sure the later sister ships were built with improvements and changes, keep in mind the Vasa was at the cutting edge of ship design at the time - they were trying build not only large, but fast.

Neil Geiman has a new book has some fantastic stories of Norse Mythology. It’s also the name of the book. Audible has it as audiobook.

Imo, it would have to do with the French and German archeologists that did a lot of work there.

What about the time of the Cathar’s ? And when the Knight Templars were there ?

I am so with you there. Always wanted to be an archeologist !!

We had such a long coast but yet we had a horrible trackrecord on the sea. The Danes beat us to it many times.

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