They also colonized 3 Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, parts of Scotland, Slavs to the east by Swedes etc.

Sounds like almost every episode of Ancient Aliens

[removed]

So in general when starting off an assignment that you know nothing about, start first by looking at what those who do know have said. Go to your school library, or city library, or even a local university library if you're not yet at university, and search to see what's available -- feel comfortable asking one of the librarians for help if you don't know how to do that.

You can also use things like Wikipedia, many pages on there have the bibliography broken down into primary and secondary sources.

But it is good to find something written recently, it will give you the best insight into the current field, what academics are saying about it. You want it to be a book by an academic too. Things like "Published by University of X Press" are a good sign, but when in doubt you can google the publisher and the author and see if they're legit or not.

Within that they'll either discuss primary evidence directly "in a letter written to X, Y wrote that.." that letter is a piece of primary evidence. See if you can find it and study it directly, or you can use that historians translation -- just make sure you credit them. A lot of stuff will be translated already in an area like that, but yes it can be an issue for other fields. So if you do plan on sticking around this topic, you're going to want to start learning the necessary languages.

You can also just google and see what primary sources are mentioned by others online. Not good things to cite, but can lead you towards something helpful.

Because it was a Swedish immigrant in the 19th century. They hid the real answer at the end.

"Two decades later, she returned to study it, as an amateur runologist and self-taught epigraphist."

Every professional academic opinion in the article disputes the opinion of Farley, the self-taught amateur.

[removed]

Crazy to think people had different countries coins just in their home. Its one of those small parts of life that i wouldn't have thought that vikings or any other people from 1000 yrs ago experiencing too.

I guess coming back from abroad and having forgeign money you can't spend at home isn't a relatively new thing after all. Makes me feel better about the euros I have laying about.

You could say "Vikings wouldn't want to go to Oklahoma", lol.

Where can I find primary and secondary sources on Catherine the 2 of Russia, I have a project where I put on a wig and do an ad campaign as to why they should vote for me(her) but I need to do a bibliography with 5 primary and 5 second sources and I have no idea where to look for info on her. The assignment says no textbooks, encyclopedias, videos or websites. Only writings from the time. I don't know about you but I sure don't know a lot of Russian literature from the 1700s

My understanding is that Marx is saying history begins with communism and ends with communism, so probably not him!

An entire bomb? I don't think so. Unplanned nuclear reactions, yes. I just saw some YouTube shorts about the "demon core" that killed two scientists in separate incidents in 1945 and 1946.

Is there a good single volume history of the Roman empire?

”Archaeologists have discovered a 1,000-year-old silver Viking treasure at Täby, Viggbyholm, outside of Stockholm. The treasure was found during an archeological excavation of a Viking Age settlement in Täby. ”

”One of the European coins is extremely rare, having been minted in Rouen, Normandy, France. It was built around the 10th century AD. According to Professor Jens Christian Moesgaard at Stockholm University, this type of coin has previously ever been identified from drawings in an 18th-century book.”

Great article, both with pictures and video, feels like I am there when they dig up the treasure.

Herodotus' main goal was to collect knowledge through inquiry (ἱστορία, historia) . He didn't always have the means to really examine it, though he would sometimes demonstrate a preference when given more than one option. Some of this would come from works written by others before him, local knowledge (e.g. "the people of this specific place say..."), common knowledge (e.g. "the Greeks say..."), speaking with other people he considered to be holders of knowledge (e.g. priestly class), and access to people who either lived during/through events or knew those who did. There's not always a clear indication of why he chose to discuss certain things and why he leaves some things out (sometimes painfully so), but sometimes those alternatives survive through other sources and he does occassionally note that something is already known in an essentially "so why would I bother to tell you?" sort of way.

While it has become less popular to do so, there were attempts in modern history (and some in antiquity) to dismiss what he did because of a lack of critical evaluation, but considering what was available to him, when he wrote it, and the scope of the writing it's a monumental and greatly important work.

Not just decades, the Kensington Runestone was "found" in 1898. It was just pure coincidence that it was a Swedish immigrant who happened to find it in his field, during an era when people were romanticising the vikings and tying ancestral pride to their travels.

No real scholar has believed in its authenticity for over a hundred years, yet you still get the tourism spiel about "it totally could have happened tho and someone once heard a story about their grandpa seeing blue-eyed natives, come check out our stone". Peter Stormare even made a recent documentary about it where he really seemed to want to believe in it. It's weird how the obvious fakes seem to get more excitement than L'anse aux meadows gets.

I just posted a review of "Ordeal by Battle" about the civil, social, and military differences between Great Britain and Germany that lead to the outbreak of World War I. You might like that, too.

I just finished “Ordeal by Battle” by F.S. Oliver.  It was published in 1916 during World War I, but it is not about combat or significant campaigns.  It is a study of contrasts between the civil, social, and military segments of Great Britain and Germany in the years leading up to war and how their actions or inactions contributed to its outbreak.

The prose is very wordy and somewhat dense, as you might expect from British writers of the day, but the ideas and context come through clearly.  What was most striking to me is that if you replace “Great Britain” with “America” and “Germany” with “China,” you would have thought much of it was written today.  Many of the parallels are striking.

For those interested in a deeper understanding of how societies come to blows because of innate differences and worldviews, I highly recommend this book.  It contains many insights for the 21st Century.

What research methods did Herodotus use?

Most definitely. From my understanding people have been throwing runes on stones or trees and claiming the vikings did it for many decades now, and every time they are proven to be fake and made with modern equipment.

Maybe this is more of a literary question, but who wrote that history of mankind is in repeating cycles, and the cycle begins with slavery and ends with slavery? I seem to think Marx or Hegel but I can't dig it up. edit: maybe I'm thinking of Alexander Fraser Tytler?

Why am I getting down voted when I said it was a most uninformed? Lol

The amount of civilizations created BECAUSE of Scandinavian exploration is pretty astounding, actually.

did an atom bomb once explode during construction? or has that never happened

Single shot .22s are usually best suited for

Target practice

Very small game hunting. .22 is popular for camp/trail guns with the idea that they’re usually cheap, light, and easy to pack (as is a big brick worth if ammo) and then they make a decent option for rabbit, squirrel, etc