Recent comments in /f/history

TheGreatOneSea t1_iw511g4 wrote

Doubtful: the effective air superiority of the Germans destroyed practically all of the french heavy artillery, and made moving reinforcements by train difficult. The French army also didn't have the training and AT guns it desperately needed due to earlier cost cutting (only 20% of the French tanks even had radios,) and the end result was that the French army was too demoralized to attack even when the German tanks were too far ahead of their infantry, which was the only time France might have been able to reverse the situation, at least for a time.

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300450500350400550 t1_iw4vwqt wrote

Of course Norseman were the first Europeans to discover and colonise the Americas. However, the later rediscovery of the Americas in the late 15th century has had a much larger impact on global history than these early expeditions.

While Inuits weren't in Greenland yet (as they didn't exist as a culture at the time), there were definitely humans living in Greenland when the Vikings arrived. The Norse and natives (called Skrælings by the Norse) developed a relationship of sorts - sometimes they traded, sometimes they fought. They mostly fought.

Part of the reason why the Norsemen were unable to expand in North America, and at least a contributing factor of why they abandoned their colonies in Greenland, is because there were natives there. It was difficult to expand into Vinland and other parts of modern day Canada when the natives didn't want you there and were prepared and equipped to fight you off. Similarly in Greenland, the locals (named Skrælings by the Norse) were always in conflict with the Norse. Iceland didn't have a native population (maybe just some Irish monks), so exiled Norsemen could relatively easily settle there. It was difficult to be profitable and stable in places like Greenland when you're trying to get walrus ivory and farm all the while trying to fight off angry, well prepared, well adapted locals.

Edit: And maybe someone started taking the Norse legends a lot more seriously after Columbus's discovery - it's certainly possible. Or maybe someone asked an Icelander and they said "oh sure that place from the saga, it's just over there, can't miss it"

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pewtercrocodile t1_iw4vrma wrote

What I'm mostly curious about is if a King of say France in the 1200s sent an abbey some gold ducats (or whatever they used in france in the 1200s) for "perpetual prayers" doesn't that mean prayers forever? So would the abbey still be doing it today (assuming it still existed) or does it stop at some point? The nature of time means many of these abbeys may have been destroyed, especially in part of europe that turned protestant and obviously they will have stopped praying for people who died centuries ago but if the abbey still exists do they still do it? Or at some point does whoever is in charge stop caring about a guy that died centuries ago and stop?

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Devil-sAdvocate t1_iw4ut1o wrote

Vikings where certainly not the first ones there and they may even not have been alone. The prehistory of Greenland is a story of repeated waves of Palaeo-Eskimo immigration from the islands north of the North American mainland. Other cultures who inhabited the Island before the Vikings include, The Saqqaq culture: 2500–800 BC (southern Greenland). The Independence I culture: 2400–1300 BC (northern Greenland). The Independence II culture: 800–1 BC (far northern Greenland). The Early Dorset or Dorset I culture: 700 BC–AD 200 (southern Greenland).

There is general consensus that, after the collapse of the Early Dorset culture, the island remained unpopulated for several centuries but the Norse may not have been alone on the island when they arrived; a new influx of Arctic people from the west, the Late Dorset culture, may predate them. However, this culture was limited to the extreme northwest of Greenland, far (~1500 miles) from the Vikings who lived around the southern coasts. Some archaeological evidence may point to this culture slightly predating the Icelandic settlement.

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