For those who didn't read the paper (let's be real, that's somewhere above 99% of the commenters on any given post), there was only a 12% reduction in total surplus compared to unlicensed entities. Worth noting that trade unions and licensing go hand in hand (i.e., workers generally fare better when licensing is involved, with a higher than average standard of living than that of Uncle Cletus's ragtag band of corner-cutters). Not to mention the significantly reduced risk of shoddy workmanship (which can cause very serious harm), meaning a higher standard of living for consumers.

Not scientific in nature, but Larry David did a great bit about this in one of the more recent seasons of Curb Your Enthusiasm.

Not surprised - my recent bout of covid was less of an issue than a common cold.

Cars, electric or otherwise, are just a way to transport people and goods from A to B. We use to use horses. And over time things have evolved. Horses can run around 30 mph. Todays cars can easily go 90mph. And most speed limits are in the 60s+. At higher speeds there is more danger or death in a crash. So the govt and society called on automakers to invest in safety measures.

Telling automakers what they must do and must not do, is a tricky thing. We want competition in the market place, but we also need safety; this goes for all markets.

The safer a car, the more expensive. There’s no way around this. Building an inexpensive car means taking cost out. Safety cost, as well as other cost, less parts, less expensive parts = less expensive car.

If we want a society with safe products, we must define what safe means, and make sure everyone in that society can pay for that base line safety level.

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Suuuuure you do. And I bet you think you'd do a better job too, don't you?

(I did say "healthy" people, mind you. That does include psychological health. Antisocial beliefs like those you appear to harbor don't exactly put one into that category.)

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Absolutely not. Licensing is a matter of human rights. The entire reason trades require licensing is because of how many people were hurt and killed by poor work. Are you some kind of anarchist or libertarian or something?

That's not an accurate meme. (Healthy) people on the rightmost end of the bell curve support governance and regulation.

>Caffeine actually makes your blood vessels constrict

caffeine is a vasodilator. However, dependency (or going cold turkey) on it causes the vasoconstriction

Migraineurs ( I’m also a migraineur) muck more sensitive to many things, smells, light, stressors, hormones, lack of sleep, food, water etc. homeostasis is our best friend. It’s like a door for us that stays open but never closes and we get a migraine attack, which can be moments after or days later making it difficult to pinpoint the triggers.

Again, I can definitely agree with that. I think raising minimum wages should be a priority but afterwards I also think they should reform the car industry. I'm an avid /r/fuckcars enthusiast but I do recognize that cars can be necessary for some people. They could be so much cheaper but our regulations are needlessly strict in areas they don't need to be and ridiculously loose in areas they should be tough on. Kei trucks can be bought new for less than $10k. If minimum wage was like $25 an hour and kei trucks were sold in the US no one would have to worry about transportation.

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I can’t seem to nail down any 100% triggers but when I’m really stressing about something, particularly at work is when I generally will get them.

I'm not sure if they are saying all migraines are linked to blood sugar regulation genetically (?) But it's interesting to me as I used to have hypoglycemia (meaning my blood sugar levels were low) but now my blood sugar levels appear to be okay as long as I eat regularly every 4-6 hours (except at night). I discovered quickly that I can't fast as I quickly become agitated, moody, unfocused and I get a migraine from not eating. I don't have diabetes nor any symptoms of diabetes either. I was under a lot of stress, dealing with many migraines, uncontrolled hormone issues and not eating well/much at the time which my doctor thought was the cause.

"But what does it all meeean Basil"-Austin Powers

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Radio astronomer here! The paper is arguing that there is an incredibly supermassive black hole over a trillion times the mass of the sun that already existed ~1 billion years after the Big Bang. However it is not a direct measurement of the black hole because there is a lot of dust obscuring it, so it’s instead an inferred mass. Cheers

I think some things do need to be licensed such as electricians and plumbing. Mistakes are too costly for owners or insurers.

But beyond basic hygiene class I don't think barbers or beauticians need to be licensed.

So glad I moved to rural Georgia.

Nice. I have hemoplegiac migraines- aura + left side numbness and eventually throwing up. The only thing that stops it in its tracks is taking a goody powder, but bc of adhd, the caffeine in the goody powder knocks me unconscious for up to half the day. Luckily, mine are rare. God bless/good luck to those that have it worse.

Particulates are a killer.

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I read the edit: If people are so poor, they can not afford an old used ICE car, then the real problem isn’t the car industry; it’s the legal min wage that’s the problem.

I can agree with that.

That’s a terrible solution. Here’s a better solution: Raise the min wage to a living wage.