As usual with this sort of thing, our government is about 10-20 years behind.

Then you aren't paying attention

Absolutely, combis are the suckers bet. Indirect has some built in inefficiencies too because of losses across exchangers. An open system on the other hand, when done correctly, is superior to both. Most people don't know how to do an open system correctly though/are unjustifiably scared of it.

I agree the roi is long, but dollar per btu the spacepak is cheaper than propane and oil even at $.185/kWh down to about 0 in this setup. Aiming for short run times is directly contradictory to achieving high efficiency with a condensing boiler and high mass setup.

And it wasn’t my house, we just built it. But you couldn’t convince me to use a combi if it was free. I’ll always want an indirect with recirc

There are already lots of easy ways to end call spoofing, we just need the government to enact them

Definitely not worth it. Could have heated that whole space and done your domestic water with a single tankless propane unit that would run less than 4 hours a day. If you're paying more than about 9 cents a kilowatt hour for power, LP or NG will be a more cost-effective method anyway still. Let alone being a fraction of the upfront cost... But people insist on paying more to pay more cause "propane bad".

Holy shit batman! Russia, ISIS, Iraq, China, CRT, Hillary nice job! Seriously though that was quite the rant.

I can fly whatever flag I want and so can you. Even a Nazi one or Confederate one. YOU do not get to redefine what what our SCOTUS has deemed free speech. I suggest you read up on some 1st amendment case law.

The key is to avoid needing recovery by having a finely tuned reset curve and very balanced loop flows. We built 1500sf of shop/garage and 1000sf of living space heated with a spacepak. Propane only kicks on below -5 or for domestic water heating. Average calls for heating are in the 6-8hr range, it’s basically on and heating all winter. Not cheap or easy and likely not worth it…

This. Also they aren't going to handle any significant square footages even with in floor radiant. They just don't have the recovery rate needed to get the job done over 1000 square feet of 1/2" tube during cold weather. You can add a big buffer tank but at that point you've lost the benefits of the heat pump and could get the same/better efficiency from a modern propane or natural gas condensing tankless water heater for a third of the cost. Heating water with electricity for space heating in Vermont is generally not an optimal solution. Our rates are too high and our winters are too cold.

I had to replace my boiler this year, which was propane. I went with another propane, in part because it was simpler and also because I was getting a generator and it just made the most sense.

I’ll add that air to water heat pumps can’t actually deliver even 140 water on a design day in VT. They’re down to near 1 for COP at those differentials.

Air to water only works in vt in a well insulated house with very low temp emitters. Think radiant slab or tile.

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You wanna defund your own schools, towns, states, leading to layoffs in the tourism industry?

The catch is you will be limited to single stage non condensing efficiencies in the mid 80s%. That’s not as huge a concern if you have old radiation, but you will give up some efficiency and comfort over a modern modulating boiler with outdoor reset.

Properly sized they won’t struggle until well below zero.

They are expensive. You get free AC though and heating costs will less than half average oil, closer to 1/4 to 1/3 this year.

Replacement parts aren’t hard if you pony up for a reputable brand. (Mitsubishi, daikin, maybe Fujitsu)

Technically their efficiently isn’t dependent on how well insulated your home is, it’s simply dependent on indoor/outdoor temp. Their cost install and to operate is though. And their cost to install is more directly proportional to size unlike fossil fuel boilers. This makes insulating and installing smaller heat pumps more immediately beneficial than insulating and installing a new boiler.

Edit: not trying to sell you on them. They are expensive to install and not to everyone’s preference. Just wanted to provide info so you can make an informed decision!

The end result of depriving access to literature is tyranny whether defacto by budgetary mismanagement, or de jure by writ of autocratic decree. The result is still the same and should be opposed as such. The fact that you're defending the circumstances due to financial incompetence doesn't change the absolutely incalculably inexcusable outcome, which was made evident in the novel.

Ah. That is a big deal. I was not aware - I’ve only had forced air heat before now. Thank you for the warning.

They are expensive despite incentives. I got them installed in a 2000sqft home but wanted to be less reliant on oil with the current pricing. They work great and I’ve run them down to 0 outside, but they are a different heat, doesn’t warm you as well as radiant heat IMO. They can run below 0 but there is a cut off where it costs more in electricity to run that low versus my oil prices. My house was partly reinsulated with spray foam after irene so it’s “mostly” good… still have more work to do but probably better than most really old houses.

All that said i luckily have very reliable electricity and usually supplement heat with a wood stove versus my oil boiler as much as i can. If you are putting in a generator because of unreliable electricity, not sure dumping your heating on it is worth it.

Like i mentioned above a new boiler or retrofit will probably be less than half an install depending on what credits you qualify for with the new programs in 2023 and your generator wouldn’t need to be as big either!

They're also laying off an unknown amount of staff. As the parent to a college student who worked several years in a campus library, that work-study money was essential. And, I will say that most of her time was spent helping students find information. Not every student had online researching mastered and were not afraid to ask for help.

That’s almost exactly what it looked like (but a different color, grey/blue I believe)

Signed. They should look to other ways to cut costs . Shortsighted and irresponsible for a place of higher learning.

Aero L-39 Albatros

>The Aero L-39 Albatros is a high-performance jet trainer designed and produced in Czechoslovakia by Aero Vodochody. It is the most widely used jet trainer in the world; in addition to performing basic and advanced pilot training, it has also flown combat missions in a light-attack role. Unusually, the aircraft never received a NATO reporting name. The L-39 Albatros was designed during the 1960s as a successor to the Aero L-29 Delfín, an early jet-powered principal training aircraft.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros

Might be one of these, which would lend credence to your "rich local" hypothesis. Still, these burn hundreds of gallons of jet fuel/hour (at like $8/gal), not to mention maintenance costs. so definitely not just normal rich person, lol. but if it was one of these, it'll definitely show up on flightradar24. sometimes military jets don't. if it doesn't show up, that doesn't mean it's definitely military (down low, radar coverage gets sketchy - generally I can't establish contact with Boston til ~3,500 ft or so).

also, legality wise, for uncongested/rural areas you just need to be 500 ft from any person or structure, so pretty lax. that doesn't mean it's smart to do, though, unless it's a training exercise where you have to take that risk.

Baseboard hot water heat requires 180F water temps. Heat pumps can only deliver 140F water temp requiring the existing baseboards be torn out and replaced with baseboard designed for lower temperatures. That’s a big deal.

It's not that I necessarily disagree with you, but I have a hunch that there is bigger fat that could be trimmed before physical library books.