The following submission statement was provided by /u/bitfriend6:

Submission statement:

Normally we talk about the future as decades from now, but this is happening within the next five years and they'll be hydrogen fuel cell locomotives in commercial service by the end of next year, with mass production planned for 2024 and deliveries by 2025 and 2026. All three west coast railroads are considering some level of hydrogen adoption, as it uses components and methods similar to compressed gases they already have tools and labor for. All of them are already adopting battery-electric locomotives for use as battery tenders with diesels. Both North American railroad equipment mfgs are planning extensive BEV and H2 cell lineups over the next 36 months. The future is fast approaching.

This will have significant impacts, besides lower emissions it means leader (smaller) machine shops and a much greater scalability for hydrogen industrial equipment (forklifts, front loaders, excavators, etc) and hydrogen semi trucks. The Tesla Semi also happens next year, which will be the banner year for de-icing commercial freight logistics. It's no longer an if.

The article itself, reposted:

>NEW YORK — Canadian Pacific’s experimental hydrogen-powered locomotive made its maiden revenue run last month in Calgary, Alberta, taking the first step in determining whether the technology could one day replace diesel-electric locomotives. “I’ll tell you, the excitement around it, the potential of it, is real,” CEO Keith Creel told the RailTrends conference on Tuesday. “And to see it two weeks ago, running down the main line at main line speed pulling a load behind it, I mean it made the hairs on my arm stand up because I would have told you two years ago it’s a pipe dream … Well, it’s not a pipe dream. It’s a reality. Still a lot of work left to do, but it’s super, super exciting.”

>The home-built unit, converted SD40-2F No. 1001, is dubbed H2 0EL for “hydrogen zero-emissions locomotive.” The Oct. 28 revenue test run was the second main line foray this year for the unit, which uses hydrogen fuel cells and batteries to power its electric traction motors. CP is using solar power to produce hydrogen at its Calgary headquarters. It also has a separate hydrogen production facility in Edmonton. CP is partnering with the Alberta provincial government to build a DC-traction version as well as another AC-traction unit. By the end of next year, CP expects to have the three locomotives switching customers in Calgary, Edmonton, and Vancouver, Creel says.

>“The next step is scalability,” Creel says, through partnering with a customer that can build enough road locomotives to prove the technology on the rugged CP main line in the Canadian Rockies west of Calgary. “It’s the perfect test bed. If you can operate there — heavy haul, cold temperatures, the most challenging operational conditions I’ve ever experienced in my career … it will work anywhere,” Creel says. If the tests are successful, hydrogen fuel-cell locomotives are likely to first be deployed in local service until the railway can create a hydrogen fueling network across its system and build the tenders necessary to give the locomotives extended range.

>“I’m telling you this has the potential, if it proves its mettle and it shakes out in the very tough validation tests we’ll give it, it will be truly transformational for this industry,” Creel says. “And it’s something we’re extremely proud of.” Creel emphasized that the hydrogen project is very much an experiment and CP is not betting the farm on its effort to create a green locomotive. Alberta is aiming to transition to a hydrogen-based economy as part of a push toward cleaner energy supplies. CP would haul hydrogen from Alberta to customers across its system, as well as to its own fueling facilities.

>All of the Class I railroads have announced ambitious goals to reduce their carbon emissions as part of an effort to combat climate change. Wabtec and Progress Rail are offering battery-electric hybrid locomotives and are experimenting with higher blends of biodiesel and renewable diesel to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. BNSF Railway tested Wabtec’s battery electric locomotive as part of a hybrid consist that powered merchandise trains between Stockton and Barstow, Calif., last year. Union Pacific has ordered 20 battery electric locomotives — 10 from each builder — for use in tests at two yards. Creel spoke at the RailTrends 2022 conference sponsored by trade publication Progressive Railroading and independent analyst Anthony B. Hatch.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/z0tkuf/canadian_pacifics_hydrogenpowered_locomotive/ix7d1fu/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/darth_nadoma:

While not as consistent as north-west Europe, there are excellent wind
resources in the MENA region. Southern Morocco, the areas around the
Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba in Egypt, Jordan and north-west Saudi Arabia,
southern Egypt and the south-east coast of Oman are all very windy.
Parts of Libya, southern Tunisia, the Algerian Sahara, inland Iran and
Kuwait also have strong winds. In contrast to much of Europe, the region
has wide-open spaces where wind farms are not blocked by community
opposition.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/z0ooht/it_is_not_all_sunshine_middle_east_invests_big_in/ix6pej2/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From the Article

>“In war, unexpected things happen all the time. Outliers are the name of the game and we know that current AIs do not do a good job with outliers,” says Batarseh.
>
>To trust AIs, we need to give them something that they will have at stake
>
>Even if we solve this problem, there are still enormous ethical problems to grapple with. For example, how do you decide if an AI made the right choice when it took the decision to kill? It is similar to the so-called trolley problem that is currently dogging the development of automated vehicles. It comes in many guises but essentially boils down to asking whether it is ethically right to let an impending accident play out in which a number of people could be killed, or to take some action that saves those people but risks killing a lesser number of other people. Such questions take on a whole new level when the system involved is actually programmed to kill.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/z0jvzm/part_of_the_kill_chain_how_can_we_control/ix5xz8k/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From the Article

>Lockheed Martin released new renderings showing a manned sixth-generation fighter aircraft as a notional stand-in design for the U.S. Air Force Next Generation Air Dominance program, or NGAD. The images were included in a media briefing about the company’s proposal for the KC-Y competition, the Airbus A330 MRTT-derived LMXT tanker. Interestingly, the images were released only to the media attending the briefing, but not on the company’s website or social medias.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/z0jodc/lets_talk_about_the_new_manned_sixthgeneration/ix5wr5d/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/filosoful:

A historic deal has been struck at the UN's COP27 summit that will see rich nations pay poorer countries for damage and economic losses caused by climate change

It ends almost 30 years of waiting by nations facing huge climate impacts.

But developed nations left dissatisfied over progress on cutting fossil fuels.

"A clear commitment to phase-out all fossil fuels? Not in this text," said the UK's Alok Sharma, who was president of the previous COP summit in Glasgow.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/z04r4e/cop27_climate_costs_deal_struck_but_no_fossil/ix3ig0u/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Apart_Shock:

>Ambri is a Boston-area startup that’s building molten-salt batteries from calcium and antimony. The company recently announced a demonstration project deploying energy storage for Microsoft data centers, and last year it raised over $140 million to build its manufacturing capacity.
>
>The company says its technology could be 30-50% cheaper over its lifetime than an equivalent lithium-ion system. Molten salt batteries can also exceed 80% efficiency, meaning that a relatively low amount of energy that’s used to charge the battery is lost to heat.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yzqa4q/superhot_salt_could_be_coming_to_a_battery_near/ix1eqm7/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/lughnasadh:

Submission Statement

The company is aiming to start full commercial services with its [Vikram 1 rocket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_(rocket)) in about 12 months time.

The global small-lift launch market is getting crowded with new private companies. It will be interesting to see these compete on price. India has a great track record on getting to space with relatively small budgets; it sent an orbiter to Mars for just $73 million.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yzfwcn/first_privately_built_indian_space_rocket_launches/iwzosif/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/BotJunkie:

EEG-based systems that can help workers be 10x more productive at some image-recognition tasks, or that can provide real-time feedback on stress and focus to both employees and their managers, are now in pilot projects around the world. But whether or not it's ethical to directly monitor worker's brains is still an open question.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yzft16/workplace_brain_scanning_to_make_employees/iwzp0jt/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/filosoful:

Major industry groups like the London-based Global Cement and Concrete Association and the Illinois-based Portland Cement Association have now released detailed road maps for reducing the 8 percent that cement-making is contributing to the total of CO2 emissions, to zero by 2050.

Many of their strategies rely on emerging technologies; even more are a matter of scaling up alternative materials and underutilized practices that have been around for decades. And all can be understood in terms of the three chemical reactions that characterize concrete’s life cycle: calcination, hydration, and carbonation.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yzeq9s/the_road_to_lowcarbon_concrete_humanitys_love/iwzgphk/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Sariel007:

>A new prototype “quantum microscope” may one day analyze matter with unprecedented detail, researchers say. The novel device may one day probe the performance of next-generation atomically thin 2D electronics, and run MRI scans on molecules to help gain key insights for medical breakthroughs, a new study finds.

>Quantum microscopy uses quantum sensors to map the magnetic, electrical, thermal, and other features of samples at microscopic scales. In the new study, researchers developed a prototype quantum microscope based on flakes of hexagonal boron nitride. This ceramic often finds use as an insulating material in atomically thin 2D electronics.

>The prototype microscopy system places hexagonal boron nitride flakes 10 to 100 nanometers thick on top of samples. These samples possess defects wherein boron atoms are missing. When these negatively charged vacancies are illuminated with a green laser beam, they fluoresce with near-infrared light. Magnetic, electrical, thermal, and other disturbances can alter this response, allowing these defects to help serve as sensors. Each hexagonal boron nitride flake is essentially an array of sensors.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yzd1pl/quantum_microscopes_could_enable_atomscale_mri/iwz70uu/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Several_Cabinet_9725:

Experts in France have grown a woman a new 3D-printed nose on her forearm after she lost hers to cancer.

The operation involved ear, nose and throat experts as well as plastic surgery teams at the Toulouse University Hospital and the Claudius Regaud Institute and took place at the Toulouse-Oncopole University Cancer Institute.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yzae0d/experts_grow_new_3dprinted_nose_on_womans_arm/iwyta4k/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/nastratin:

New aggressive planning is needed to identify the long-duration storage technologies and find the land to grow enough resources to reach Biden net zero emissions goals, a DOE national lab reports.

Four major viable paths to a net zero emissions "clean electricity" power system by 2035 "in which benefits exceed costs" are detailed in an August study by the Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory, or NREL.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yyvs8x/us_can_reach_100_clean_power_by_2035_doe_finds/iwwjm78/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/lughnasadh:

Submission Statement

OpenAI has been hinting at a big leap forward for LLMs with its upcoming release of its GPT-4. We'll see. In the meantime, it's extraordinary watching some people defend Galactica. They are convinced it's the beginning of an emergent form of reasoning intelligence. Its severe limitation, as with all LLMs, is that they frequently produce utter nonsense, and have no way of telling the difference between nonsense and reality.

I'll be curious to see if GPT-4 has acquired even the rudiments of reasoning ability. I'm sure AI will acquire this ability at some point. But it seems strange to blindly believe one particular approach will make it happen, when there is no evidence of it at present.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yytfpr/meta_has_withdrawn_its_galactica_ai_only_3_days/iww4fip/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From the Article

>AI is becoming more sophisticated, and some say capable of writing academic essays. But at what point does the intrusion of AI constitute cheating?
>
>“Waiting in front of the lecture hall for my next class to start, and beside me two students are discussing which AI program works best for writing their essays. Is this what I’m marking? AI essays?”
>
>The tweet by historian Carla Ionescu late last month captures growing unease about what artificial intelligence portends for traditional university assessment. “No. No way,” she tweeted. “Tell me we’re not there yet.”

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yyn7hw/fullon_robot_writing_the_artificial_intelligence/iwv17zv/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From the Article

>Kauffman said that his company is primarily concerned with finding sustainable answers to a rising demand for animal protein, especially in the face of a growing global population. On Tuesday, the United Nations announced that the world population surpassed 8 billion.
>
>Cultivated meat will offer a cruelty-free, low impact alternative to the current standard of operations in the meat business, according to Kauffman.
>
>"I don't see this whole cultured meat industry replacing traditional meat, I think it will assist that industry," he said. "We didn't change the way we raise cattle or how we consume it for millennia. If we can fly to the moon with computers less powerful the iPhone, why won't we produce meat in an up to date way, philosophy-wise?"

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yyn2xy/this_company_is_3d_printing_meat_is_it_sustainable/iwv0efk/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From the Article

>According to the study led by Stanford University, a nanoscale 3D printing material, which creates structures that are a fraction of the width of a human hair, will enable to print of materials that are available for use, especially when printing at very small scales.
>
>“There’s a lot of interest right now in designing different types of 3D structures for mechanical performance,” says Wendy Gu, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering and a corresponding author on the paper.
>
>“What we’ve done on top of that is develop a material that is really good at resisting forces, so it’s not just the 3D structure, but also the material that provides very good protection.”

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yymcos/engineers_designed_a_new_nanoscale_3d_printing/iwuvq8u/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/SigmundFreud:

Submission statement: I thought this was a really interesting look at how we're already being forced to adapt to extreme conditions in some parts of the world. This may also be a sneak peek into what the future could look like for many of the rest of us.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yykxjm/extreme_heat_will_change_us/iwuo181/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From Article

>“Additive manufacturing can help reduce the size and cost of accelerators, shorten their construction time and enhance their performance. Used at a wider scale, additive manufacturing could make accelerators more affordable for use outside of large scientific laboratories, such as in hospitals for isotope production and cancer treatment, in airports for cargo screening or in laboratories for industrial analysis,” explains CERN’s Maurizio Vretenar, I.FAST project coordinator. “Over 30 000 accelerators are currently in use worldwide, the vast majority of them in healthcare and industry.”

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yyj8po/first_3d_printing_of_crucial_component_to_bring/iwue1wx/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/izumi3682:

Submission statement from OP. Note: This submission statement "locks in" after about 30 minutes, and can no longer be edited. Please refer to my statement they link, which I can continue to edit. I often edit my submission statement, sometimes for the next few days if needs must. There is often required additional grammatical editing and additional added detail.

From the article.

>...this week the FDA granted the company the first approval needed to bring its meat to consumers.

>The approval is called a No Questions letter and means that after conducting a thorough evaluation the FDA concluded that Upside’s poultry is safe to eat. The letter doesn’t apply to all of the company’s products, only to its cultured chicken for now; additional offerings will have to undergo the same FDA evaluation process.

>“This milestone marks a major step towards a new era in meat production, and I’m thrilled that US consumers will soon have the chance to eat delicious meat that’s grown directly from animal cells,” said Dr. Uma Valeti, Upside’s CEO and founder.

The test is simple. If it tastes good and "feels" right, in my mouth, I'm gonna eat it.

But if airport/movie theater prices are involved, then I buy whatever (farm or lab) is cheapest. I would hope the ultimate goal of lab grown meat is "post-scarcity". Free food for everyone on Earth.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yyaiju/in_an_industry_first_upside_foods_labgrown/iwt7yxd/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/izumi3682:

Submission statement from OP. Note: This submission statement "locks in" after about 30 minutes, and can no longer be edited. Please refer to my statement they link, which I can continue to edit. I often edit my submission statement, sometimes for the next few days if needs must. There is often required additional grammatical editing and additional added detail.

From the article.

>Motional, the autonomous vehicle joint venture between Hyundai and Aptiv, is bringing its robotaxis to Los Angeles, where they will be available to hail through the Lyft app.

>The service is comprised of Motional’s fleet of Hyundai Ioniq 5 electric vehicles, which will be fully autonomous at the time of launch and not require a human safety driver behind the wheel.

My prediction was that there would be fleets of robo-taxis in the US, not later than 2025. A lot of people don't agree with me, but it is what it is.

https://www.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/x660uu/californias_electric_car_mandate_could_spread_to/in5623y/

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yy1l0f/motional_and_lyft_will_launch_a_robotaxi_service/iwrrsg7/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/ElectrikDonuts:

Global auto sales are down 8%, yet EV sales (hybrid and BEV) are up 62%. Have we finally seen a peak in ICE?

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yxv7q9/global_electric_vehicle_sales_up_62_overall_auto/iwqmoxo/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/nastratin:

Electric cars will no longer be exempt from vehicle excise duty from April 2025, the chancellor has said.

Announcing the change as part of his Autumn Statement, Jeremy Hunt said the move was designed to make the motoring tax system "fairer".

The RAC motoring group said it did not expect the change to dampen demand for electric vehicles (EVs).

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yxunbx/uk_electric_car_drivers_must_pay_tax_from_2025/iwqiy4i/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From the Article

>Robots are making their first tentative steps from the factory floor into our homes and workplaces. In a recent report, Goldman Sachs Research estimates a $6 billion market (or more) in people-sized-and-shaped robots is achievable in the next 10 to 15 years. Such a market would be able to fill 4% of the projected US manufacturing labor shortage by 2030 and 2% of global elderly care demand by 2035.
>
>GS Research makes an additional, more ambitious projection as well. “Should the hurdles of product design, use case, technology, affordability and wide public acceptance be completely overcome, we envision a market of up to US$154bn by 2035 in a blue-sky scenario,” say the authors of the report The investment case for humanoid robots. A market that size could fill from 48% to 126% of the labor gap, and as much as 53% of the elderly caregiver gap.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yxphqd/humanoid_robots_sooner_than_you_might_think/iwpq5d9/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/shanoshamanizum:

We are increasingly living in a centralized, totalitarian society where we end up atomized instead of empowered autonomous individuals. What's more the intellectual elite which has always produced alternative ideas is fruitless to define a new path ahead and unusually silent. The world-known philosophers of the 19th and 20th centuries are a distant memory with nothing truly new at the horizon that reflects technological progress and overall human development.
Cyber Autonomy is the fruit of a year of applied research and a couple of years of conceptualization. It summarizes the abstracts of autonomy across the pillars of our society - economics, politics and media and offers viable alternatives to the status quo. At its core it focuses on the autonomy of the individual as a stepping stone for a vital global community. The goal is to bring back autonomy to the forefront of discussions and to attract the attention of the academic circles.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yxp8pp/p2p_selfgovernance_society_prototype_researching/iwpovk0/

The following submission statement was provided by /u/Gari_305:

From the Article

>As The Robot Report explains, Boston Dynamics is suing Ghost Robotics for allegedly infringing seven patents linked to its Spot quadruped. The Spirit 40 and Vision 60 (shown above) purportedly borrow key technologies from Spot, including systems for self-righting and climbing stairs.
>
>Boston Dynamics says it asked Ghost Robotics to review Spot-related patents in July 2020, five months after the launch of the Spirit 40. After that, Boston claims to have sent two cease-and-desist letters asking Ghost to stop marketing its robot canines. Ghost was thus well aware of what it was doing, according to the lawsuit.
>
>We've asked Ghost Robotics for comment. In a statement, Boston Dynamics claimed it "welcome[s] competition" but would crack down on companies violating its intellectual property rights. The Hyundai-owned firm is seeking unspecified damages as part of the suit.

Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/yxp5ch/boston_dynamics_sues_rival_ghost_robotics_for/iwpofhu/